The Laws of Heredity. 161 



Remarks, Complaint having been made to Caligula that his 

 daughter, two years old, scratched the little children who were her 

 playfellows and even tried to tear out their eyes, he replied with 

 a laugh, * I see ; she is my daughter.' 



* The Regent/ says Michelet, ' took after his mother, a robust, 

 masculine Bavarian woman. She was of an inquiring, active 

 mind, who roamed in all fields of science, and had a liking for 

 general culture, which was in those times rare in France." 

 (Histoire de France, tome xiv.) Her son, the Regent, was a 

 fool: her daughters were extremely strange. The eldest, the 

 Duchesse de Berry, a charming woman of unbridled passions, was 

 certainly mad. The second, who possessed her father's versatility, 

 was an encyclopaedic whirlwind. The third and fourth were all 

 caprice and folly. They astonished Italy and Spain with such 

 daring scandals that it is impossible not to see madness in all they 

 did. 



Lucas, following Carlyle, thus sums up the genealogy of the 

 Cromwells. Robert Cromwell, grandson of the terrible and 

 frenzied instrument of Henry VIII. in his contest with Rome, 

 married Catharine Stuart, a second cousin of Charles I. To 

 Oliver, the only male among the seven children which were the 

 fruit of this strange marriage, passed the enthusiastic and powerful 

 genius of the Cromwells, and it raised him to the highest station. 

 Oliver took to wife Eliza Bouchier, a woman of gentle disposition. 

 His male issue were * Arcadian Shepherds,' his daughters more 

 fanatical than himself. 



in. 



We next consider the third form of direct heredity, the pre- 

 ponderance of one parent in the children of the same sex. 



This, like the preceding form, is based upon a large number of 

 facts derived from physiology, psychology, and history. 



Possibly these are not so numerous as the facts of cross 

 heredity. This, however, is no more than a vague and general 

 impression, in short, a mere hypothesis. Against the questionable 

 arguments derived from the number of facts, the upholders of the 

 contrary opinion might not only cite facts, but might also allege a 

 theoretical consideration in favour of their view, which is not 



