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mined by the organisation :" and this latter fact is accounted 

 for by the intimacy of relationship existing between the 

 physiological and the psychological constitution of every 

 animal. Whether instinct results from organisation exclusively 

 is not so well established as the fact that it depends on 

 organisation ; for the former concerns that " mysterious 

 transition from the purely organic to the mental life by 

 means of reflex action, which is principally physiological, and 

 of instinct, which is principally psychological " a transition 

 so subtle and indefinable that we can neither say where 

 physiology ends and psychology begins ; nor even imagine 

 how purely physical life evolves itself into mental life. As 

 sharing the alliance between instinct and intelligence we 

 have only to remember that, in addition to the conscious 

 action of the mind, there is also an unconscious action of 

 far wider range, and that it is possible that the phenomena 

 of instinct, sensation, perception, memory, etc., are alternately 

 conscious and unconscious. The phenomena of somnam- 

 bulism are well known, during which state the somnambulist 

 will carefully perform any acts which are habitual to him, 

 albeit instinctively and unconsciously. The phenomena of 

 habit, also, resembling instinct so closely, manifest similarly 

 the transformation of intelligence into instinct. The 

 character of innateness generally associated with instinct, does 

 not constitute an absolute distinction between instinct and 

 intelligence if we do not fail to recollect that many instincts 

 are acquired, and that, according to the evolutional theory, 

 all instincts are only hereditary habits. "Although," as 

 Ribot says, " intelligence is, as a rule, conscious, it may also 

 become unconscious and automatic, without losing its 

 identity. Neither is instinct always so blind so mechanical 

 as is supposed for at times it is at fault. . . . It is 



