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heredity of the lower intellectual modes, it must follow as a 

 natural sequence that all the higher forms of the human 

 intellect are also subject to this law. If we regard intellect 

 and reason from a transcendental point of view, they tran- 

 scend experience, and are thus beyond the sphere of science ; 

 but if we consider them phenomenally, there is no reason 

 why they should be exempted from the law of heredity, and 

 thus considered, they are without doubt inherited. 



In like manner the sentiments and passions are also 

 transmissible; and if we avoid all polemical discussion 

 as to free-will and heredity, the human will, regarded 

 phenomenally that is with regard to the immense resolu- 

 tion, boldness, courage, self-confidence, and mastery over 

 the timid and irresolute which characterise the possessors of 

 strong wills is also unquestionably hereditary ; so too the 

 evolution and fixation of national characteristics are primarily 

 the result of heredity. From this rapid and imperfect 

 summary it will be seen that all that we have and are as 

 individuals constituted for the performance of certain 

 functions, we owe to heredity, with the exception of the 

 developing influences of our " environment " through life, 

 and the educational processes to which we have been 

 subjected. 



Having thus far proved the inheritance of man's physio- 

 logical and psychological nature in detail, I discussed the 

 individuality of man as developed by the interaction of 

 heredity and variability, and showed that however perfect 

 the likeness transmitted from parents to their offspring, it is 

 never either organically or dynamically exact ; and however 

 closely the partus may resemble the parens, physically, 

 mentally, or morally however closely the former may 

 resemble the latter with regard to temperament, idiosyncrasy, 



