flax-seed-like chrysalis-cases, figured on the right hand 

 of the bent stem. The injury is caused by the fly- 

 maggots lying at the same spot sucking the juices from 



No. 1. Attacked Barley-stem ; 1, bent down ; 2, showing " flax-seeds." 



the stem, which is thus weakened, and presently, 

 although both the stem and the ear above are more or 

 less stunted, yet the weakened piece of stem cannot 

 bear their weight, and it bends sharply down at the 

 injured part. Sometimes a gall or some amount of 

 swelling of the stem occurs just above where the maggot 

 fed, but in the specimens I examined this was rarely 

 noticeable. I am told by Mr. John Marten, of Albion, 

 Illinois, U. S. A., an economic entomologist who has 

 especially made a study of this attack, that the speci- 

 mens I showed him corresponded in absence of gall with 

 the condition of those in Illinois. 



