VACCINATING INJECTION 61 



From these experiments Grineff concluded that 

 " local anaphylaxis, just the same as general ana- 

 phylaxis, can be checked by the process of Besredka's 

 small doses." 



Some analogous experiments have been made by 

 two of our collaborators, Manoukhine and Potiral- 

 ovsky. They sensitised rabbits by repeated injections 

 of horse serum subcutaneously. In order to preserve 

 the rabbits against local anaphylaxis, these authors 

 preceded the subcutaneous injections by quite a 

 small injection intravenously. In this way they were 

 able to prove satisfactorily, as Grineff had done in 

 his experiments with egg-albumen, the distinctly 

 beneficial influence of these preliminary anaphylactic 

 vaccinations. 



The method of vaccination with small doses has 

 been found to have other uses besides those con- 

 nected with serum-therapy. We may quote, purely 

 because of its historical interest, the method of 

 immunisation with blood-corpuscles. Further, there 

 is the method of immunisation of horses with bacterial 

 cultures, which is now constantly used because of 

 its practical economic value. 



It was, indeed, whilst experimenting with red 

 blood-corpuscles that we came to understand all the 

 advantages that can be reaped from this method of 

 small doses. We noted that when, fifteen days after 

 a first injection of foreign blood (sheep, goose, or 

 fowl) into a rabbit, we reinjected the same blood 

 intravenously, the rabbit often manifested an un- 

 easiness which went on increasing minute by minute. 

 In fact, the injection was barely completed before the 

 animal became violently convulsed, paralysis super- 

 vened, and death ensued in a few minutes. 



Whilst studying this phenomenon, we noted the 

 curious fact that it was sufficient to inject intra- 

 venously the day before, or an hour before, or even 



