102 ANAPHYLAXIS AND ANTI-ANAPHYLAXIS 



smallest extent, one would never fail to witness an 

 absolute parallelism between the power of precipita- 

 tion and that of anaphylaxis. 



Up to this point the only question under discussion 

 was that of serum precipitins and the anaphylotoxins 

 which depended on them. 



It was not long before Friedberger extended his 

 theory to bacteria. In collaboration with Gold- 

 schmid,* he prepared bacterial anaphylotoxins, in- 

 variably starting from this principle, that the three 

 following substances should participate in their 

 constitution : 



Antigen =bacteria. 



Antibody ^specific serum. 

 Complement =fresh serum. 



The bacteria on which these first experiments were 

 made were V. Metchnikovi, B. typhosus, B. pro- 

 digiosus, and B. tuberculosis. In accordance with 

 the technique already described for serum ana- 

 phylotoxins, the bacteria were mixed with the 

 corresponding specific serum. The precipitate ob- 

 tained was washed in physiological saline solution 

 and allowed to remain in contact with fresh guinea- 

 pig's serum for a period of twelve hours. Finally, 

 the next day it was centrifuged. 



The fluid portion separated from the precipitate 

 constitutes the bacterial anaphylotoxin. Indeed, the 

 latter, when injected into guinea-pigs intravenously, 

 sets up characteristic symptoms, which most fre- 

 quently terminate in death at the end of from three 

 to five minutes. 



The bacteria employed first of all exhibited a 

 markedly infective nature. Friedberger and Reiter* 

 eventually extended their researches to toxin-pro- 

 ducing bacteria, such as the dysentery bacillus. 



^ Zeitschr. f. Immunitatsf., T. Orig., ix., p. 398, 1911. 

 Ibid., xi., p. 493, 191 1. 



