ON LIFE AND ORGANISATION. 303 



Note V. p. 288. 



" THE MASS OF PHYSIOLOGY, AS USUALLY UNDERSTOOD." 



The older philosophers applied the term physiology to the so- 

 called general science of nature, and nearly in the same sense as the 

 Germans at present employ the terms naturphilosophie and 

 naturwissenschaft. (Naturphilosophie is employed to designate 

 the science of nature in its widest sense, from the ontological point 

 of view, and consequently by the philosophers of the idealistic 

 schools. Naturwissenschaft is applied to the subject viewed as 

 Inductive Science — that is, viewed in a strictly scientific sense.) 



Note VI. p. 288. 



" FUNDAMENTALLY DISTINCT METHODS OF RESEARCH." 



The subjects of Human Inquiry may be arranged in four 

 groups, distinguished from one another by the fundamentally 

 different modes in which their constituent facts, usually so-called, 

 are attained. These groups are mental and moral, or, to employ 

 the term in its original sense, Metaphysical subjects ; and subjects 

 of Mathematical, Experimental, and Observational research. 



The constituent elements of Metaphysical subjects of inquiry, 

 are reached by the exercise of the Human self-consciousness, turned 

 inwards on itself. The facts thus attained are facts attained by 

 consciousness alone. The ultimate facts of Moral Science are, 

 moreover, not only recognised by the consciousness as " the law 

 engraved on the heart," but are, in addition, made known by direcl 

 revelation. 



The constituent elements of Mathematics are derived from the 

 ultimate universal truths of Space, Number, and Limit ; and which 

 are, therefore, immediately recognised by the consciousness. 



The constituent elements of the Experimental sciences are 

 reached l>y experiment, under the guidanceof legitimate Hypothesis ; 

 that is, by means of a process of tentative, constructive, and there- 

 fore active examination through the senses. 



The constituent facts of the Observational sciences are procured 



VOL. I. X 



