<§>117. 



THE HELMINTHES. 125 



They send off two varicose Vasa deferentia to the posterior portion of 

 the body, where, after uniting very probably with the neck of an odd 

 elongated vesicle (Veskula se/ni?ialis?),t\iej are prolonged into a copula- 

 tory organ. <^' There are sis pyriform bodies, which secrete a finely-granu- 

 lar substance, and are attached behind the testicles to the Vasa deferentia. 

 Their six excretory ducts successively unite, ending finally in two which 

 open into the copul'atory organ. <^* The penis is usually folded inward, but 

 when projecting outwardly, it is a muscular, cup-shaped appendage, whose 

 fossa receives the posterior portion of the body of the female during 

 copulation. '''' 



The spermatic particles are developed after the usual mode ; they are 

 filiform and very active, and quickly die in water, interlooping and 

 twisting together.**^ 



The very adhesive, viscous, yellowish-brown wax-like substance, often 

 found about the vulva, is apparently the secretion of the pyriform bodies 

 during copulation. ^^^ 



§ 117- 



With the Nematodes, the genital organs consist of a long, simple or 

 partly double caecal tube, which winds around the straight intestine. 



In the female it has the following parts : Ovarium, Tuba Fallopii, 

 Uterus, and Vagijia ; and in the male, Testes, Vas deferens, Vesicula 

 seminalis, and Ductus ejaculatorius. 



With Trichosoma, Trichocephalus, and Sphaerularia, the genital tube is 

 simple in the females, and usually so in the males. But in Filaria, Asca- 

 ris, Strongylus, Spiroptera, Oxyuris, and Anguillula, the ovary. Fallopi- 

 an tube, and uterus, are double. ^^' In the females, the ovary is the poste- 

 rior portion of this genital tube, and in its terminal portion are small round 



4 With Echinorhynchus strumosus, these two and Ascaris paucipara, I have found the female 

 round testicles are side by side. Having always organs likewise simple. When these organs are 

 found the odd, long vesicle' empty, I cannot decide double, either one uterus with its ovary and ovi- 

 whether or not it serves the function of a seminal duct passes In front from the simple vagina, while 

 vesicle. the other passes behind, as is the case with Ascaris 



5 These six pyriform bodies were formerly taken brevicaudata, nigrovenosa, Oxyuris vermicu- 

 for seminal vesicles ; see ff-'estrtnnbjde Helminth, laris, Spiroptera anthuris, Stronsryhts auricu- 

 Acanthocephalis, p. 55, Tab. III. fig. 24 ; and laris, and striatus ; or both pass side by side 

 Nitzsch, in Ersch and Gruber^s Encyclop. VII. behind, as in Ascaris ai/cta, mystax, lumbri- 

 182], plate for the Acanthocephala, fig. 2, 3, i. coides (Cloquet, Anat. &c. PI. I. fig. 2) and aiys- 

 With Ecninorhynchus claviceps, I have found culata. V,"ith Cucullamis elegaiis, and micro- 

 only one of these bodies. cephalus (from the intestine of Emys lutaria), 



6 The copulatory organ, which protruded has the uterus alone is double ; one horn tei-minatmg 

 mostly an oblique direction, has been very exactly posteriorly in a caecum without an ovary or Fallo- 

 figured by Vujardin (Hist. d. Helm. p. 493, PI. pian tube, while the other, which has these parts, 

 VII. fi". i) 1 D 2). passes in front. There are, moreover, species of 



7 For the spermatic particles of the Acanthoce- Ascaris into whose vagina open three or four geni- 

 phali, see my observations In MuUer's Arch, tal tul>es. Thus with Ascaris microcephala, I 

 1S36, p. 232. have seen the uterus divide upon reaching the 



8 This waxy substance incrusts sometimes the vagina into three tubes, each having an ovary and 

 whole caudal extremity of females ; this is so with oviduct. According to Nat/iusius {Wiesmamvs 

 Echinorhynchus gigas, and glohocaudatus ; see Arch. 183", I. p. 5"), the uterus of Filaria labiata, 

 Cloquet (Anat. &c." &c. p. 100, PI. VIII. fig. which is at first simple, divides at its posterior e.\- 

 4, 5) and Nitzsch {friegmann's Arch. 1S3T, I. tremity into five tubes. 



p_ 64.* The double uterus of Strongylus inflexus has, 



' 1 For the simple genital tube with its various posteriorly, numerous constrictions, giving it a 



parts of the female oi Trichocephalus dispar, see moniliform aspect. 

 Mayer, Beitr. &c. Taf. II. With Filaria rigida, 



* [ § 116, note 8.] For some further details on animal nouv. ^dit. Zoophytes, PI. XXXV. fig. 3b, 

 the genitalia of the Acanthocephali, see Blanchard 3c, 3d, 3^, 3f). — Ed. 

 (Ann. d. Sc. Nat. 1849, XII. p. 23), and K^ne 

 11* 



