166 THE ANNELIDES. ^ 155. 



testinu, receives the excretory ducts of glandular appendages and is there- 

 fore, more properly a stomach than an oesophagus.''"' With many, the 

 stomach and its appendages are wanting, but then the entire canal stretch- 

 ing directly across the cavity of the body has on both sides long analogous 

 appendages which sometimes consist of dilated sacs, so that these append- 

 ages have wholly the aspect of caeca.'^^* 



///. Glandular Apj^endages. 



,55. 



§ 



The glands api)euded to the digestive canal of the Annelides may be di- 

 vided into the salivary and hepatic organs. The first of these are some- 

 times absent, but the last are never wanting. 



The organs regarded as salivary glands are attached either to the pha- 

 rynx or to the beginning of the intestinal canal. With the Nemertini, 

 they aie absent. But with Sanguisuga, as abdominal salivary glands, 

 may be regarded the many groups of round corpuscles which surround the 

 conmioncenient of the intestine, and whose excretory ducts open into it by 

 many orifices, after anastomosing together.*'' With Luinhricus^ there is 

 a long lobular body on each side of the pharyngeal tube which secretes a 

 whitish liquid, and which is analogous perhaps to an oral salivary gland. '^ 

 The four pairs of transparent vesicles, which, with Enchytraeics, open at 

 the inferior extremity of the oesophagus, are possibly of the same nature. '^'^ 

 With S/pkonostomum, there are two riband-like caeca which pass along the 

 oesophagus and open separately into the oral cavity.'^' With many Dorsi- 

 branchiati, the commencement of the intestine has two glands of probably 

 a pancreatic nature.*'* It is difficult to decide as to the hepatic or sali- 

 vary nature of the numerous and usually white appendages, which belong 

 to both sides of the whole alimentary canal of the Aphroditae. With Pol' 

 yno'e, these consist of six cylindrical, caecal, and sometimes bifid tubes, 

 lying between the muscles of the walls of the body.*''' 



With Aphrodite hystrix, there are twenty of these tubes on each side 



16 Tferein ; see Rathki^Ufi Bopyro etNereide p. 4 Rathke, Danzig. Schrift. loc. cit. p. &7, Taf. V. 

 35, Taf. II. llg. ", 8. fig. 5, c. c. 



17 With Apkrodite hystrix, and aculeata, the 5 With Nereis, these; two salivary (glands com- 

 Intestine lias on each side twenty glandular ai)pend- rnunicate by two narrow duets with that portion of 

 ages with long peduncles. In this last species, the intestinal canal which should be regarded as a 

 these appendages are caeca also, for they have at stomach ; see Ratlike, De Bopyro et NereMe, p. 

 then- extremities saccular dilatations filled with 3^ Tab. II. fig. 1, g. 8. GruOe has found these 

 chyme ; see Pa/las, Miscell. Zool. p. 85, Tab. VII. two appendjiges at the beginning ot the intestinal 

 6^. 11 ; Treviraniis, in his Zeitsch. f. Physiol, canal with Arcnicola (Zur Anat. d. Kiemenwiir- 

 III. p. 162, Taf. XII. fig. 9, 10 ; and Mi/iie Ed- mer, p. 6, Taf. I. fig. 1, 5, h.), and with Ammotry- 

 wards, in Cyclop. Anat. and Phys. I. p. 163, fig. pniie (Nov. Act. Acad. XX. ]>. I'j", Tab. X. fig. 

 70. 13, 19, h.). See also 3/i7He jErfifarrf.s, in the Ann. 



I Brandt, Mediz. Zool. II. p. 247. Taf. XXIX. d. Sc. Nat. X. 1838, PI. XII. fig. 1, j. (Nerem), and 



A. fig. 22, 23.* PI. XIII. fig. 1, e. e. (Arenicola); and fVagner, 



H fltorrcn, loc. cit. p. 129, Tab. X. XI. {Lum- lean. zoot. Tab. X.XVII. fig. IH, g. g. {Ifereis).^ 

 briciin terrcatris). ''' Gruhe, Zur. Anat. d. KienienwiiriBer, p. 62, 



S I/t)i/e, in Muller''s Arch. 183T, p. 79, Taf. VI. Taf. II. fig. 13 (^Po/ynoi sguamata). 

 fig. C, d. d. 



* I § 155, note 1.] For the salivary glands of t ( § 155, note 5.] For the salivary glands of 



niraJinei, see Moquin-Tand n, loc. cit. Edit. firanchellio}i,see Leydi!^,Siebofda.ndKiiUi/:eT'a 



1846, p. 108, PI. X. fig. i {Hirudo medicinalis), Zeitsch. III. lift. 8, p. 315, and Qitaire/a^es, Ann. 



PI. VI. fig. 11 {Uaemopis), PI. I. fig. 5 (Jircmck- d. Sc. Nat. XVIU. 1852, p. 296, PI. VI. fig. 3,tt. 



tllion). — Ed. C. — Ei>. 



