260 



THE CEPHALOPHORA. 



§227 



The Uterus is 

 glandular walls ; 

 often, also, it is 

 times insensibly 

 usually with the 

 culum semijiis, 

 procreation/^'" 

 deverticulum/"' 



very often a long, large canal, with transversely plicated 

 it is distinctly separated from the ensuing vagina,*^''* but 

 only a simple dilatation of the oviduct,"" which is some- 

 continuous with the vagina/'-> This last communicates 

 excretory duct of a pyriform vesicle, which, as a Recepta- 

 is filled with fresh sperm directly after the epoch of 

 This vesicle has, moreover, sometimes a lateral, caecal 



as a muciparous or an uterine gland. It is tonprue- 

 shajjed with iiuarly all the Pulnionata (see the 

 figures of Cuvier, freviranus, Erdl, Paasch, &c. 

 loc. cit.). It is a round, L'laiidular body with 

 Thetis, Tritonia, Um'jrella,iu\(\. Oasteropteron 

 (H. MecKel, loc. cit. Taf. XV. fig. 1, 12, 15, IV). 

 According to KoUiker, there is with Rhodope, 

 and Lissoxomn, a similar glaud annexed t<) the 

 uterus ; and without hesitation I should jironounce 

 as of the same nature, the glandular body which 

 Allmim (loc. cit. PI. VI. }.) has regarded as a tes- 

 ticle with Actaeon. With Doris, Aplysia, and 

 Diphyllidia, it is a twisted knotted tube (//. Meck- 

 el, loc. cit. Taf. XV. fig. 2, 7, 16).* 



10 Such is the case with the Pulmonata (see the 

 figures of Cuvier, Treviranus, Erdl, Paasch, 

 &c.). Undoubtedly the glandular walls of this 

 uterus secrete the calcareous crystals which incrust 

 the eggs of many Ilelicina (see Turpin, Analyse 

 microscop. de I'oeuf du limaQon, in the Ann. d. Sc. 

 Nat. XXV. 1832, p. 426, PI. XV.), or which supply 

 tne gelatinous substance enveloping in the form of 

 a cylinder or a disc the eggs of the Lymnaeacea 

 (Pfeiffer, Naturg. deutsch. Land-und Susswasser. 

 MoUusken. Abth. I. Taf. VII. VIII.). 



11 With the Pteropoda, the common excretory 

 duct of the hermaphrodite gland, before passing 

 into the vagina, has one or two dilatations, the 

 inferior of which corresponds perhaps to an uterus 

 (J^an Beneden, Exerc. zoot. loc. cit. PI. III. fig. 

 18, e. IV. A. fig. 6, d. and B. fig. 4, d. Hyalea, 

 Cleodora, and Cuvieria). With Clio, Cymbulia, 

 and Limacina, it is not yet determined whether the 

 dilatation which is here found belongs to the defer- 

 ent canal or to the oviduct, and therefore the name 

 of uterus cannot be given to it. 



1^ The uterus is short and is directly continuous 

 with the vagina with the Nudibranchia, Infero- 

 branchia, Tectibranchia (//. Meckel, loc. cit. Taf. 

 XV.), and perhaps also with the Apneusta. I am 

 yet undecided if ia this u:idevelopsd uterus • are 

 formed the envelopes which, in the form of a riband, 

 a cord, or a capsule, sm'round the eggs of the Nudi- 

 branchia, the Tectibranchia, and the Apneusta. 

 Thus with Aplysia, Doris, Tritonia, Aeolis, &c., 

 their spawn has the form of a riband or cord ; and 

 with Glaucus, and Actaeon, it is wound in a 

 spiral manner about various objects ; while with 

 Tergipes, it is attached to marhie plants under the 

 form of kidney-shaped capsules with short pedun- 

 cles. With Tritonia, Aeolis, and Aplysia, there 

 is observed the remarkable fact that there are 

 Beveral Wtelluses each surrounded by an albumin- 

 ous layer, in one and the same envelope ; see 

 Sars, in fVie^mann's Arch. 1837, I. p. 402, 1840, 

 I. p. 196, Taf. V.-VII. ; Fan Beneden, Ann. d. 

 Sc. Nat. XV. 1841, p. 123, PI. I. ; and Loven, in 

 Isis, 1842, p. 359. 



* [ § 227, note 9.] For the muciparous appa- 

 ratus with the Nudibranchiata, see Alder and 

 Hancock, loc. cit. Part II. PI. IV. fig. 15, (Dnto); 

 Part III. PI. VIII. fig. 2, g. g. (Eolis); Part IV. 

 PI. V. fig. 8, i. (Eumenis) ; Part V. PI. II. fig. 7, 

 li. h. 'Doris); also Hancock, Ann. Nat. Hist. VIII. 

 1851, p. 34, PI. III. fig. 6, g. (Antiopa). See also 



13 This Receptaculum seminis was formerly 

 designated under the name of iwdunculated vesi- 

 cle ; although Treviranus regarded it as aa 

 urinary bladder, and, with Arion, erroneonsly 

 assigned to it a communication with the kidney 

 (Zeitsch. f. Phys. I. p. 10). However, there can 

 now l>e no further doubt as to its nature, for if its 

 contents are examined shortly after coition, they will 

 easily be found to consist of fresh sperm contsiining 

 fully-developed, active, spermatic particles. Later 

 than this, when the eggs have been deposited for a 

 time, the sperm will I)e found U> have lost its fresh- 

 ness, and to have changed into a viscous granular 

 substance of a reddish or brown color, containing 

 sometimes traces of dead, rigid spermatic particles. 

 The resemblance of this matter then to excrement 

 is, without doubt, the reason why this organ has 

 been compared to an urinary bladder, or con- 

 founded with the sac for pui'ple (kidney) of other 

 Cephalophora. 



With the Pteropoda, this organ is a pyriform 

 vesicle with a short peduncle, — at least with Clio 

 (Eschricht, loc. cit. Tab. III. fig. 25, s.), Cym- 

 bulia, and Limacina {('an Beneden, Exer. zoot. 

 loc. cit. PI. I. fig. 17, d. V. fig. 12, A., where this 

 organ is figured as a sac for purple). The Ap- 

 nuesta, also, have a sac for fecundation ; at least I 

 can give no other name to a long-pedunculated, 

 pyriform vesicle which Nordmann (loc. cit. p. 49, 

 Tab. II. L., III. fig. 5, b. d.) has described as a 

 testicle with Tergipes ; and so much the more as 

 he always found perfect spermatic particles, and 

 not developing seminal cells. ^ 



The pedunculated vesicle with its semi-liquid 

 contents, which Allman (loc. cit. p. 152, PI. VI. (5.) 

 has observed with Actaeon, is also a Receptaculwn 

 seminis. 



According to Kblliker, this organ exists also 

 with Flabellina, and Rhodope, as a pedunculated 

 vesicle communicating with the lower extremity of 

 the vagina. The excretory duct of this organ is 

 short with Thetis (Cuvier, loc. cit. fig. 7, c. ; 

 Delle Chiaje, Descriz. loc. cit. Tav. XLVII. fig. 

 1, s.), Aplysia (Cuvier, loc. cit. PI. IA'. }' ; Delle 

 Cliiaje, Memor. loc. cit. Tav. IV. fig. 1, p.), and 

 Pleurobranchnea (H. 3Ieckel, loc. cit. Taf. XV. 

 fig. 5, n. fig. 1, q. 7. o.). It is longer with Scyl- 

 laea. Bulla, Biillaea (Cuvier, loc. cit. fig. 5, I. fig. 

 10, i.), Doridium, Tritonia, Umbrella, Diphyl- 

 lidia (H. Meckel, loc. cit. Taf. XV.), and Notar- 

 chus (Delle Chiaje, Descriz. loc. cit. Tav. LXIV. 

 fig. 5, n.). In the Pulmonata, this peduncle is 

 very long with Helix, and Claiisilia ; kss so, with 

 Lymnaeus, Planorbis, Bulimus, and Physa, 

 and pretty short with Limax, Arion, and Suc- 

 cinea (see the figures of Cuvier, fVoknlich, 

 Treviranus, Erdl, and Paasch, loc. cit.).t 



14 This deverticulum exists with many Helicina. 



De St. Simon (Observations sur I'organe de la 

 Glaire des Gasteropodes teiTcstres et fluviatiles, in 

 the Jour, de Conchol. 1853, p. 1) ; this author is 

 very minute in his details on the color, form and 

 size of this organ, with these animals. — Ed. 



t [ § 227, note 13.] This receptacle is the organ 

 called genital bladder by Leidy, and which he 



