152 BREAKING AND TRAINING 



horses are afflicted with this habit. Indeed, its 

 presence for the most is confined to the horses of 

 costermongers and dealers of a low order. 



If you wish to prevent a horse from star-gazing you 

 cannot do better than use a standing martingale. 

 The rings of the martingale should for this purpose 

 be fixed on to the snaffle. 



Rearing. — " Rearing " is a vice which is confined 

 to no single class of horses. Here 3'Ou find a saddle 

 horse badly given to it, and there you see a harness 

 horse possessing the habit in an even worse degree. 

 Like human troubles, it does not always come 

 singly, and you will often find an animal which is 

 given to rearing is also tainted with a leaning to 

 " plunging." 



There is only one method of dealing with horses 

 of this class, and that is by giving them constant and 

 daily practice with the long reins in a paddock. A 

 few good tumbles over in the paddock will do them 

 an infinite deal of good and very little harm. The 

 horse, like the wiser of men, soon learns to avoid an 

 act which is commonly succeeded by unpleasant con- 

 sequences. 



