BARN'S AXD STABLES. 



47 



hung by stout hinges. The barn is boarded up with two thicknesses 

 of vertical siding, with building paper between, the joints covered by 

 battens, and the roof is shingled. 



Nearly all the timbers for such a bam are short. Eight sills, six 

 by eight inches, ten feet long, are morticed and pinned together at 

 the angles, and a sill of the same width and thickness, twenty-four 

 feet long, extends through the center. At each angle of the frame 

 is a vertical post, four by six inches, sixteen feet long, notched on 

 the outer face to receive three courses of girders at proper 

 intervals, upon which the siding is nailed. The floor beams are two 

 by eight inches, and laid sixteen inches apart from centers. The 

 roof is "■ half -pitch," that is, the apex is twelve feet higher than the 



Fig. 33,— ONE HALF or ROOF FRAME. 



top of the plates. The apex, however, is truncated by the octagon 

 frame of the ventilator, three feet in diameter, as shown in figure 33, 

 and rafters two by six inches, sixteen feet and a half long, extend 

 from each angle of the plates to the ventilator frame. Midway 

 between every two of these is a rafter, fifteen and a half feet long, 

 from the center of each plate. On each side of this, at equal inter- 

 vals and parallel with it, are two rafters two by four inches, one 

 twelve and the other seven feet long. The foot of each rests upon 

 the plate, and the summit is spiked or bolted to the side of the 

 longest rafter. This leaves the spaces between the rafters very 

 nearly uniform, and the four short ones support the longest. At 

 each inner angle of the plates is a block four by four inches, four- 

 teen inches long, beveled to fit the angle, and secured in place by 

 half -inch bolts, the heads of which are countersunk in the outer 

 face of the plates to be out of way of the siding. These secure the 

 plates from spreading. The entire roof is thus a single truss, need- 

 ing no support from the inside. The manure shed is on the side 



