Bits ^2> 



Martingale. 



This is a leather band having a buckle 

 at one end, and the opposite end being 

 divided into a pair of short reins, each 

 bearing ivory or metal rings, for attachment 

 to the snaffle or curb reins. 



A martingale gives one much more 

 control over a saddle horse, preventing 

 the animal from tossing up its head, and 

 excessive rearing. Leather stops are 

 used to prevent the rings of the martingale 

 from passing over the reins of the bit. 



Nose-Band. 



Nose-bands are used for attaching the 

 cavesson standing martingale, also for orna- 

 ment. This appliance is likewise of service 

 when a horse keeps his mouth too much 

 open whilst being ridden with a snaffle. 



