IIaruham Camh. 



ANCIENT EARTHWORKS 



Compared with hill-top camps the rectangular Roman camps 

 present many striking differences. One of the chief of these is that 

 whilst the earlier works occupy the whole of the available hilltop, the 

 Roman works are limited in area and restricted in shape, being con- 

 structed, not with reference to site, but with ^^ 

 reference to requirements. Again, the pre- 

 historic works are situated, almost invariably, 

 upon the highest summits of the hills, in 

 positions frequently remote from water and 

 sources of fuel, whereas the Romans seem 

 always to have made a point of constructing 

 their camps on level ground, and within easy 

 reach of both fuel and water. The number of the prehistoric camps, 

 moreover, is much in excess of those which are known to have been 

 occupied by the Romans. 



Further, prehistoric camps occasionally contain traces of hut- 

 circles, whilst the Roman camps do not contain them. The method ot 

 defending the entrance to the earlier camps, and the flint implements 

 with which neolithic camps are generally associated, present striking 

 contrasts to the Roman camps. 



In the present condition of knowledge of early earthworks it is 

 impossible to be certain as to the characteristics of Bronze Age camps 

 and Prehistoric Iron Age camps, but as far as one can judge from the 

 available evidence, Sussex does not contain any example which could 



be referred without doubt to 

 either of these periods. Still, 

 there is evidence that HoUing- 

 bury Camp was used during 

 the Bronze Age and Mount 

 Caburn during the age of pre- 

 historic iron. 



Sussex possesses two walled 

 fortresses or towns of undoubt- 

 edly Roman origin, namely 

 Chichester and Pevensey, and 

 there are earthworks of an in- 

 teresting character in connec- 

 tion with both. 



Chichester. — The pre- 

 sent town walls are largely of 

 Roman construction, or on 

 Roman foundations, and they 

 are backed by a rampart, parts 

 of which still remain. Some distance to the north of Chichester is 

 an outwork of rampart known as ' The Broil,' consisting of two sides 

 of a square said to be each a mile in length, but not now entirely 

 visible. 



471 



ICHESTER. 



