TRAINING, AND GENERAL MANAGEMENT. I03 



then the ground for me has been bad, say sHppery and 

 wet A ploughed field or straw yard is the best place 

 for throwing generally. 



I use a strong bar snaffle bit for throwing broken 

 horses and heavy Clydesdales or Shires, just passing 

 the throwing rope through the ring on bit, instead of 

 through the ring on head collar. 



If it is a very bad horse, say, to shoe or clip, you 

 can, by putting him down a few times, teach him to lie 

 down quite easily. If you want to hold a leg, and not 

 to tie the animal, just put a running noose round 

 fetlock, and let one man just lean his own weight on 

 it — say, to hold the hind leg back. The horse won't 

 struggle ; you have him at a disadvantage, and only 

 fighting his weakest muscles. 



The loose fore leg can be strapped when down, the 

 same as the other. 



To keep a horse down, pull his head round off the 

 ground ; if to the left, just slip a single bow, so that he 

 can't get his head down again. (See Plate No. i6.) 



THE GALVAYNE HUMANE TWITCHES. 



Now I know it is necessary to be cruel sometimes 

 to be kind to dumb animals, so that the use of the old 

 twitch can be readily excused, because no other 

 better method was known. The old twitch, which I 

 will here describe, is simply a piece of stick with a 



