"the efficiency of one farm with that of another. Variations in labour incomes 

 are due in many cases to unavoidable circumstances, but largely they are due to 

 factors that come more or less within the farmer's control. 



Animal Unit. A mature cow, or horse, kept on the farm for a year is termed 

 an animal unit. All livestock kept on a farm is reduced to an animal unit basis 

 by comparing the amount each animal consumes with the consumption of a 

 mature cow during one year. Thus a farm having thirty animal units would 

 be one where the total livestock on the farm would consume the same amount 

 of feed as would thirty mature cows in one year. 



Livestock Index. This is a measure of the efficiency of the livestock on the 

 farm. A farm having a livestock index of 100 would be one where the gross 

 receipts from livestock per animal unit are equal to the average gross receipts 

 per animal unit of all farms included in the investigation. A farm having a 

 livestock index of 120 would be one where the gross livestock receipts per animal 

 unit are above the average. A livestock index of seventy-five would indicate 

 that on that particular farm the livestock receipts per animal unit are below 

 average. 



Crop Index. By this index crop yields per acre are expressed. A farm 

 having a crop index of 100 would be one where the yield of crops per acre is 

 equal to the average of all farms in the survey. Higher or lower crop indexes 

 would indicate crop yields above or below the average crop yields. 



Dairy Diversity Index. This denotes the degree of specialization in dairying. 

 A farm having a dairy diversity index of fifty would be one where 50% of the 

 gross receipts of the farm come from the sale of milk, milk products and dairy 

 stock. 



Fruit Diversity Index- This shows the percentage of total farm receipts that 

 come from the sale of fruit 



Tillable Area. As rough pasture and other untillable land adds to the feeding 

 capacity of the farm, it must be considered in the total tillable area. It is 

 estimated that three acres of rough land or ten acres of pastured woods would 

 produce feed equal t one acre of tillable land. Thus to the tillable area of a 

 farm is added one-third of the rough land and one-tenth of the pastured woods. 

 The total is known as the tillable area of the farm. 



Production Efficiency of Cows. The total digestible nutrients of all feed used 

 on the farm are calculated. The total digestible nutrients per animal unit are 

 then determined. By dividing the total digestible nutrients per animal unit on 

 each farm by the number of pounds butter-fat sold per cow the production 

 efficiency is determined. The production efficiency, then, is the number of total 

 digestible nutrients fed to produce for sale one pound of butter-fat. 



DESCRIPTION OF TYPES OF FARMING STUDIED IN THE 

 DIFFERENT DISTRICTS. 



Table No. 1. 



The business of one hundred and twenty-four farms was investigated, and 

 of these it was found that one hundred and five could be used for all tabulations. 

 Nineteen farms were found to be extreme in certain particulars and could there- 

 fore be used in the preparation of only a few of the tables shown in this report. 



