38 SCIENCE BULLETIN, No. 20. 



brought to a high finish. Beside having windows round the walls, light was 

 freely admitted into each room through the roof by means of reinforced 

 corrugated opaque glass sheets ; the ceiling which was also painted with 

 white enamel, followed the contour of the roof, openings being made to 

 correspond with the glass parts, and along the ridges of the roofs ventilators 

 were installed. 



A good idea of the whole structure, both inside and outside, can be gathered 

 from the accompanying illustrations. In planning this factory the saving of 

 labour was always kept in view. The total cost came to over ,10,000, but 

 the interest on this outlay has been more than met by the saving in labour 

 and the improvement in quality that took place immediately the new premises 

 were occupied. Previous to this it took thirteen men to cope with the work ; 

 now with an increased output nine are sufficient, with an individual 

 minimum wage of 3 17s. 6d. per week. Further, the change from the 

 old dilapidated factory brought about a simultaneous improvement 

 in the quality of the butter turned out an improvement worth about 3s. per 



A well-plinned modern Butter and Cheesa Factory on a Northern River 



cwt. based on the condition of sales made under the imperial contract. It 

 will be seen that the action of the directors in erecting this modern factory 

 has been fully justified, and it has proved a most profitable undertaking to 

 those engaged in dairying in that district. The factory is ideally situated 

 from the points of view of sanitation and purity of atmosphere. It fronts a tidal 

 river, and is bordered on the other three sides by green fields. The plate 

 developed from a *2| minutes exposure under the cream vat platform, which is 

 open to and on the same level as the churn room, gave no evidence of moulds 

 or bacteria being present. The methods of making these exposures were 

 similar to those described in previous articles, and the results showed that 

 the premises and surroundings were remarkably free from infection with one 

 exception. The plate D5 three minutes air exposure in the cold room- 

 shows that this room was much infected with mould. Mould was also found 

 on the timber used for making butter-boxes, having evidently been brought 

 into the factory from tha timber mill and box factory. The room where this 



