June, 1911.] FRUIT BUD FORMATION. 9 



No conclusions may he drawn from the work of 1908 so far as fruit bud 

 formation is concerned. Morphological studies have shown that fruit buds 

 are formed during the previous season. No treatments, therefore, given in 

 190S would affect the formation of fruit buds during that season. The record 

 of fruit production is, however, important for purposes of comparison with the 

 results of later seasons. 



REPORT OF PROGRESS IN 1909. 



The plan originally arranged for these experiments was rigidly adhered to 

 throughout the season and all the work was carefully and thoroughly per- 

 formed. The trees were well and properly pruned before growth started in the 

 spring. The various plots were cultivated, fertilized, and planted with cover 

 crops according to the plan and at the times called for by the schedule. By 

 this time, the orchard was recovering from the effects of winter injury and 

 from the lack of care which prevailed up to the time when it was taken over 

 by the Department of Horticulture. 



The spraying treatment in 1909 was as follows: First spraying, applied 

 before the blossom buds opened and just as first leaf buds began to expand: 

 6-4-50 Bordeaux mixture with 3 lbs. arsenate of lead and 4 ozs. of Paris 

 green added. Second spraying, applied immediately after the blossoms fell: 

 3 lbs. of arsenate of lead, 4 ozs. of Paris green, 1-2 lb. of lime and 50 gals, 

 of water. Third spraying, applied 10 days after second spraying; same 

 formula as for second spraying. Fourth spraying, applied first week in 

 August to control brown tail moth and second brood of codling moth; same 

 formula as for second spraying. Fifth spraying, applied September 16th, to 

 overcome a severe attack of apple leaf -hoppers : kerosene emulsion, 9 parts 

 water to 1 part kerosene emulsion. 



The spraying treatment was thoroughly successful in controlling the codling 

 moth, all leaf -eating insects, and apple scab; but did not wholly prevent a 

 very slight attack of sooty blotch, which appeared late in the season. The 

 kerosene emulsion appeared to destroy great numbers of the leaf-hoppers but 

 either the total number of these insects was so great, or the supply was so 

 augmented from an orchard in the adjoining field, that the spraying could not 

 be called a success in controlling this insect. 



The following records were obtained : 



First, 20 characteristic twigs of each tree were measured, the growth during 

 the seasons of 1907 and 1908 being determined. 



Second, all the wood pruned from the trees was tied up in bundles and 

 weighed. 



Third, as in 1908, the apples produced by each tree were graded according to 

 their quality, and the number of each kind was recorded. The total number 

 of apples produced was 11,057. The average number of apples produced by 

 each plot, per tree, appears in table No. 2. 



