262 PATHOLOGY OF THE BLOOD AND CIRCULATION. 



effects of highly noxious chemical products of bacterial 

 growth on the new proliferating cells. 



If we examine an open wound i. e., one which is healing 

 by second intention it will be noted that its surface is covered 

 by papillary elevations about the size of pin-points. This 

 is the type of tissue concerned in the repair of all such lesions, 

 and on account of its appearance is called : 



FIG. 102. 



a 



Phagocytes from granulations infected with virulent anthrax bacilli (Afanassieff). 

 a, thread of bacilli, partly within and partly outside of a phagocyte ; both por- 

 tions show a vacuolation of the bacilli, indicative of their degeneration, d, 

 thread almost entirely incorporated. Within the cell the incorporated bacilli 

 lie in vacuoles in the cytoplasm, probably digestive vacuoles. In b and e simi- 

 lar appearances are presented, c, degenerating thread of bacilli from the fluid 

 of the granulations. Vacuolation has also taken place in this thread, 

 showing that the fluids of the granulations have a destructive influence upon 

 the bacilli. 



Granulation-tissue : On microscopical examination one finds 

 these little elevations to be composed of loops of newly formed 

 bloodvessels (see Fig. 101) surmounted by a mass of rapidly 

 proliferating connective-tissue cells and migrated leukocytes. 

 In addition there may be present certain larger cellular ele- 

 ments. One variety, the giant-cell, is often many times the 

 size of a leukocyte, its chief characteristic being a variable 

 number of nuclei sometimes as many as one hundred, 

 usually, however, from five to twenty irregularly arranged, 

 sometimes around the periphery of the cell, evenly distributed 



