104 THE HOG. 



THE TRUNK. 



H. Atlas the first vertel *a of the neck. J. Vertebrae dorsi, vel dorsalesthe vertebra 



of the back. 



I- Vertebrae colli, vel cervicales the verte- K. Vertebrae lumborum, vel lumbales 4he ver 

 brae of the nck. tebrsj of the loins. 



L. Ossa coccygis the bones of the tail. 



FORE EXTREMITY. 



0. Scapula the shoulder blade. /. Os naviculare the navicular bone. 



b. Humerus the round shoulder-bone. g. g. Phalanges, vel ossa pedis the first and 



c. Sternum the breast bone. second bones of the foot. 



d. Ulna the elbow. ft. Phalanges, vel ossa pedis the bones of the 

 . Radius -the bone of the fore-arm. hoof. 



HIND EXTREMITY. 



'. i. Pelvis (ossa innominata) the haunch bones, n. n. Os naviculare the navicular bone. . . . . 

 j.j. Osfemoris the thigh-bone, o.o. Digiti, vel phalanges (ossa pedis) the 



k. k. Patella the stifle bone. first digits of the foot. 



1. I. Tibia the upper bone of the leg. p. p. Digiti, vel phalanges (ossa pedis) the se- 

 m. m. Tarsus, (one of which is the (N) os cond digits of the foot. 



calcis) the hock bones. 



THE SKULL AND SNOUT. 



As the skull of the hog diners in many respects from that of the 

 horse, ox, sheep, or dog, we shall now proceed to notice those points 

 of difference. 



From the point of the occiput to the tip of the nasal bone the 

 profile presents an almost unbroken sloping line. The position of 

 the orbit of the eye is lateral, giving to the animal a side, rather 

 than a forward range of vision. The space occupied by the orbital 

 processes of the frontal bone in the ox and horse, is in the hog sup- 

 plied by a cartilage. The frontal bones unite together early, and 

 the parietals appear to form but one piece. The frontal sinuses 

 proceed to -the occiput, and are only separated from each other by 

 some longitudinal or somewhat oblique bony layers which do not 

 entirely intercept communication : these and the sphenoidal sinuses 

 render the cerebral cavity narrow, in fact the size of it is only half 

 that of the cranium viewed from the exterior. The ethmoid and 

 turbinated bones are larger and more fully developed in the hog 

 than in the ox or sheep, in fact they occupy an intermediate grade 

 between those of the horse and dog, being larger than those of the 

 former, and smaller than those of the latter ; they are spiral, com- 

 plicated, cellular, and offer an extensive surface for the expansion of 

 the olfactory nerve ; the ethmoidal fosset is very much sunk, of 

 moderate size, divided by a very salient crest, and riddled with nu- 

 merous holes. 



The nasal bones of the hog are situated low down in the face, 

 flattened, and well adapted to the situation and wants of the animal. 

 They are attached , to the frontal s in a slightly curved direction across 

 the face, by a strong denticulated suture. All communication be 

 Iwecu them aud the lachrymal bones is cut off by the interpositiou 



