HELMHOLTZ IN BONN 



of science, it may not be the wisest course to endow 

 research alone and to relegate the researcher to a 

 kind of monastic solitude. It will, on the whole, be 

 better for him and better for science to prosecute 

 research, because he must communicate to others 

 the fruits of his own labours. 



The first paper on Physiological Acoustics ap- 

 peared in 1854, anc ^ consisted mainly of a review of 

 the work done by others up to 1849. The g roun d 

 having in this way been cleared, three papers appeared 

 on Combination Tones in 1856, one upon Vowel Tones 

 in 1857, a lecture on the Physical Basis of Harmony 

 and Dissonance in 1858, another on Vowel Tones, 

 and two on the Theory of Open Organ Pipes in 

 1859, a P a P er on Musical Temperature, another on 

 the Motions of the Strings of a Violin, and a lecture 

 on Timbre (Klangfarbe) in 1860, a paper on Reed 

 or Tongued Organ Pipes in 1861, a short paper in 

 1862 on the Arabic and Persian Scales, and at last, 

 in 1863, there appeared the great work, Die Lehre 

 von den Tonempfindungen ah physiologische Grundlage fur 

 die Theorie der Musik^ or Sensations of Tone as the 

 Physiological Basis of Music. A well-known mono- 

 graph on the mechanics of the bones of the middle 

 ear and of the drumhead (membrana tympani\ involv- 

 ing an elaborate anatomical investigation of these 

 organs, did not appear till 1869. 



It is difficult to give the reader an adequate notion 

 either of the work on physiological optics or of that on 



