LAYING OUT THE PLANTATION 



37 



same time, or perhaps earlier, the plums will have to go. The standard 

 Pear tree may remain until the twentieth year or even longer, the 

 Plum and the Apples for fifty or one hundred years ! 



TRANSPLANTING REQUISITES 



When plants are to be transplanted the following rules will be 

 found helpful: 



Prepare the soil well 

 beforehand either by pre- 

 vious cropping or by mak- 

 ing it mellow and rich 

 where each tree is to 

 stand. 



Avoid mutilating the 

 roots as much as possible. 



If dry when received 

 from the nursery soak for 

 a day or two top as well 

 as root in water. 



Pare away broken 

 and bruised roots before 

 planting. 



In digging the holes 

 place the good soil in one 

 pile and the lower or sub- 

 soil in another. When 

 planting, work the good 

 soil among the roots (Fig. 

 9), press down firmly by 

 tramping hard, and scatter 

 the poor soil on the sur- 

 face in a circle around the 



y 



Fig. 16. When trees come from the nursery with 



Y branches of equal size cut one back as shown 



and a year or two later cut off the stub close to 



the then enlarged trunk 



tree. 



Plant the trees an 

 inch or not more than 

 two inches deeper than 

 they stood in the nursery 

 as indicated by the different color of the trunk at the ground line. 



After planting cut back the top severely, leaving only stubs of 

 branches or only buds where the frame limbs are wanted and removing 

 entirely all twigs where limbs are not wanted. Three to five are enough 

 to leave in any case (Fig. 10). 



Make all cuts with a sharp knife close to the trunk or branch so as 



