VARIOUS SPECIES OF FRUITS 111 



fruit. Tree hardy, healthy, long lived and fairly prolific. Fruit hangs 

 late. 



SMOKEHOUSE. Prominent in southern Pennsylvania. Often poorly and 

 unattractively colored. Excellent dessert variety but scarcely acid 

 enough for cooking. Tree vigorous, healthy, hardy; alternating large 

 and moderate crops; bears young. Needs interior branch trimming. 

 Fruit hangs well. Subject to scab. 



STAYMAN WINESAP. Delicious red Apple, but rather large for dessert. 

 Largely planted in sou them Pennsylvania, western Maryland and 

 adjacent sections. Growers complain that the fruit "water cores" 

 and the tree is not robust. 



TOLMAN (Sweet). Medium sized, yellow, sweet fruit, popular for spicing 

 and baking. Tree sturdy, long lived, fairly precocious, reliable but 

 usually moderate biennial, or almost annual, cropper. 



TOMPKINS KING. Beautiful large red and yellow streaked fruit of excellent 

 quality for dessert and cooking, especially baking. Tree often a shy 

 bearer, subject to trunk and root troubles, short lived. Fruit drops 

 badly; is especially subject to coddling moth ("worms") and "water 

 core." 



WAGENER. At its best a fruit of surpassing excellence and beauty for 

 dessert rich flavor, fine grain and beautiful blush red. Tree vigorous 

 and upright at first but later becoming weak and too branchy. Pre- 

 cocious bearer and while healthy a reliable almost annual cropper, 

 often overbears. 



EARLY WINTER 



BALDWIN. Bright red medium-sized fruit of fair quality when well grown. 

 Keeps till Spring. Leading commercial culinary variety from Massa- 

 chusetts to Michigan. Tree slow to reach maturity and apt to bear 

 sparingly in alternate years. Fruit subject to a physiological defect, 

 unsightly brown flecks in the flesh. 



ESOPUS (Spitzenburg). Standard of excellence among early Winter 

 Apples, both for dessert and cooking. Variable in keeping quality in 

 different sections and seasons. Very susceptible to scab and canker. 

 Fairly regular but often light yielder. 



EWALT. Clear yellow blushed, large fruit, too acid for dessert but excellent 

 for cooking, especially baking. Tree rather shy bearer. Popular in 

 southwestern Pennsylvania. 



JONATHAN. Beautiful brilliant red, highly flavored dessert fruit but 

 variable in size. On fertile soil trees bear young and abundantly, but 

 usually biennially. 



NORTHERN SPY. When well grown, one of the best Winter Apples. Large, 

 bright red, crisp, juicy, tender. Excellent culinary and dessert variety 

 through Winter. Trees erect, large, slow to bear but long lived; 

 reliable biennial, sometimes almost annual, cropper. Very leafy trees 

 yield many poor, often inedible specimens. 



RAMBO. Prominent general purpose southern Pennsylvania variety. 

 Excellent when well grown but variable in size and quality, especially 

 on old trees and on heavy soils. Because the wood is brittle breakage 

 is common unless the fruit is thinned. 



RHODE ISLAND (Greening). Prominent culinary and fair dessert variety 

 from Massachusetts to Michigan. Tree rather slow to start bearing, 



