DIVERSE SPECIES OF NUTS 199 



varieties the following are most grown in America: Mammoth, 

 Reliance, Superb, Alpha, Success, Beta, Prolific, Felton, McFarland, 

 Killen, Parry, Biddle, Kerr, Martin, Boone, Kent, Hale, Black, Goe and 

 Giant. The English kinds popular in America are: Nouzillard, Styer, 

 Anderson, Scott, Lyon, Ridgley, Bartram, Quercy, Gombale, Paragon 

 (Sober), Darlington, Numbo, Moncur, Ghalon, Dager, Marron and 

 Corson. 



The American Chestnuts grow to huge trees, sometimes more than 

 10 feet in diameter and 100 feet tall. Therefore, they need ample 

 space not less than 40 feet. One of the Chinquapins sometimes 

 exceeds 25 feet in height, but is usually less than half that; the other 

 is a mere shrub rarely more than five feet high. They usually form 

 thickets. The European varieties may be planted 30 feet apart and 

 the Japanese 20 feet as they are smaller growing than the American. At 

 the start the trees of the three larger species may be set 10 feet apart, 

 each second tree to be removed when the branches begin to touch. The 

 European and American may be thinned a second time when the 

 trees left the first time touch each other. Thus several crops of nuts 

 and a goodly yield of wood may be secured each time. 



A favorite way to propagate each of these species is by grafting 

 (page 72) upon "sprouts" developed from stumps where Chestnut 

 trees have been cut down. Thus rocky hillsides and other waste 

 land may be utilized. When planted in orchards the methods of 

 culture are the same as for other fruits, though mulching may prove 

 satisfactory also. While the trees are young they should not be 

 allowed to ripen all the fruits they set, as this might check their growth. 



CHINQUAPIN See Chestnut 

 COBNUT See Hazelnut 



COGOANUT 



The Cocoanut is the world's most important nut. It is grown in 

 all tropical countries, but except hi Southern Florida and warm locali- 

 ties from Texas to Southern California it cannot be grown in the 

 United States. Even in these places it is more likely to be orna- 

 mental and a curiosity than a commercial fruit. The tree, a palm, 

 is rarely found in nature far from the sea coast but can be grown on 

 sandy soils farther inland. Though it is large-growing 60 to 100 feet 

 tall it does not need relatively as much space as more spreading 

 trees. Under favorable conditions it will begin to bear in eight to 

 ten years, sometimes less, and when in full bearing will yield 80 to 100 

 nuts annually for 70 to 80 years. 



