PKOGKE.s.s IN. D1SCUVE1{V 



:i<;i 



10G8 Redi : disproved sponuineous 

 generation of insects by 

 the discovery of eggs and 1704 

 larvai ; -wrote " Esperiejize 

 intorno alia Generazionc 

 degl' Insetti "' 



I(>70 Mayow : studied animal res- 171>('» 

 piration 17'.»'i 



1<>71 Hooke : worked out iMJcm- 



scoi)ical structure of plants 1800 



1680 Borelli: proved that all the 

 movements of animals arc 

 caused by nniscles pulling IHO] 

 on bone levers; wrote " Dc 

 Motu Animaliuni " 



1082 Grew : studied structni-c of 

 plants 



1(393 Kay : classified plants 1801 



1727 Hales: investigated respiration 

 of plants 



1743 Haller : father of modern 



physiology 



1744 Reaumur: studied insfcts 1804 

 1 741> Buffon : wrote a natural his- 

 tory 1H07 



1 7o3 Linnaeus: classilicd plants 

 17(31 Kolreuter : studit'(l livbridi/.a- 



tion of plants 1811 



17r) 1 Bonnet: evolutionist ; groupe<l 



animals in an ascendiuG,- se- 



ries 1818 



1772 Rutherford: discovered m 



trogen 1h-j:'> 



1771 Priestley: discovered oxygen 



and studied the breathing 



of plants 

 1775 iSpallanzani : disproved si«)n- 



taneous generation of bac- 1830 



teria and molds and demon- 183.') 



strated presence of living 1838 



germs in the air 

 1789 Galvani : discovered animal 1838 



electricity 

 1700 Goethe: worked out a scheme 



"I ilie metamorphohih oi 

 the parts of i)lants 



Darwin, Jhasnuis: grandfather 

 of Charles Darwin ; wrote 

 "Zoonomia," a long |K)eni 

 outlining evolution of life 



Jenner: discovered vaccinati<»n 



Sprengel : studied fertilization 

 of jilants 



Cuvier : stiulied lomparatiNc 

 anatomy ; wrote " Le K^^ne 

 animal," 1817 



Lamarck: invented a scheme 

 for the evolution of animals 

 (by conscious effort and in- 

 heritance of acquired char- 

 acteiN ; not jiroved) 



Treviranus: introduced the 

 name "biology"' as dis- 

 tinguished from "botany," 

 '' zoology," " physiology," 

 "anatomy," etc. 



Humboldt : stu<lied distribu- 

 tion of plants 



Uumfrird. Count : denn)n- 

 strated absorption of car- 

 bonic acid by plants 



Bell, Charles: discovered mo- 

 tor and sensory nerve roots ; 

 founder of modern neurology 



(J. St. Hilaire : i)ointe«l out 

 unity of plan in animals 



Haer : discovered the law of 

 embryological development 

 (higher forms repeat the 

 evolutionary series a.** the 

 embryos develop) 



Brown : described cell nucleus 



Dujardin : studied pr(»topla.<m 



Schleiden : discovered the cell 

 as unit of structure in plants 



Schwann : discovered the cell 

 as unit of vtrnrtnre in ani- 

 mals 



