so NON-SPECIFIC OR GENERAL DISEASES 



to the nimen. This is teiined mmiiiation. All fond material 

 that is sufficiently broken np is directed toward the opening 

 into the third compartment by thfe oesophageal grove ('Fig. lOy, 

 a' demi-canal that connects 'tliis' with the oesophageal opening!.' sg 

 ' The third compartment, the owa,sw7«/ communicates anteri- 

 orly with the second and first, and posteriorly with the fourth 

 conipartmeiit &!• trtie ktomacli. Th^ ihterfor arraftgeitient bf this 

 compartment is mdst' sihgul'^r. ^" ' 1%' 'is ' '■divided by a ' rmiiibeif' of 

 Targe folds of the li'nfng'membmn'e 'between ■svhieli'''aVe'sm'a^^ 

 folds. It is between these folds that the contents pass. 



The first three compartments possess no glands capable of 

 secreting a digestive juice. However, important digestive 

 changes occur. The carbohydrates are digested by means of 

 enzymes contained in the feed. The most important function of 

 the rumen and omasum is the maceration of the fibrous sub- 

 stances, and the digestion of the cellulose. Between sixty and 

 seventy per cent of the cellulose is digested in the rumen. 



The ahomasum is lined by a gastric nmcous membrane. The 

 gastric juice secreted converts the protein into peptones. In the 

 young a milk curdling ferment is also secreted by the glands of 

 this compartment. 



The stomach of the hog is a ty^e between the carnivora and 

 ruminant. The digestive changes may be divided into four 

 stages. The first period is one of starch conversion ; the second 

 period is the same, only more pronounced ; the third period, both 

 ^tarch and protein conversion occurs; and the fourth period is 

 taken up mostly with protein, digestion. 



iiTn-- ^ - • ■ ■■ . :■■ .<vri< (r;:flt -^infn 



Acute Indigestion of the Stomach of Solipeds. — Diseases of 

 the stomach are less common in solipeds than in ruminants. The 

 simple stomach of the horse and the comparatively unimportant 

 place that it occupies iu the digestion of the feed renders it less 

 subject to disease. Only under the most unfavorable conditions 

 for digestion of the feed does this class of disorders occur. Acute 



