50 NON-SPECIFIC OR GENERAL DISEASES 



milk necessary to keep the colt in good condition. It slionld be 

 taught to eat grain as soon as possible. 



Because of the irritated condition of the stomach and intes- 

 tine, the animal suffering from diarrhoea is unable to digest its 

 feed. For this reason it is very important to withhold all feed 

 for at least twelve hours. Water should be provided. The ali- 

 mentary tract is relieved of the irritating material by giving 

 the animal a physic of castor or linseed oil. The dose varies 

 from one-quarter to one-half ounce for the lamb and from one 

 to four ounces for the colt or calf. It is advisable in most cases 

 to follow this with the following mixture: l)i('arl)onate of soda 

 one ounce, bismuth subnitrate one-half ounce, and salol one- 

 quarter ounce. The dose for the colt and calf is one teaspoonful 

 three times a day. Lambs and pigs may be given from one- 

 fourth to one-half the above dose. 



It is usually advisable to give ewes and sows a physic if 

 their young develop a diarrhoea. ]\rothers that are heavy milkers 

 may be given a physic the second or third day following birth. 

 The ration should be reduced as well during the first week. 



Infectious white scours should be treated as an infectious 

 disease. A few days before giving birth to the young, the 

 mother should be moved to new quarters ; a pasture or lot that 

 has not been in use, or a clean, disinfected stall or stable. In 

 addition to these preventive measures, soon after birth the young 

 animal should be vaccinated with white scour serum, 



DISEASES OF TTTE DIGESTIVE TRACT OF rOULTRY 



General Discussion. — The digestive tract of poultry is com- 

 posed of the following organs : mouth, gullet, crop, stomach, giz- 

 zard and intestines, with the two large glands, the liver and 

 pancreas. The digestion of the feed begins in the crop. Here 

 the feed is held for a short time, mixed with certain fluids and 

 softened. On reaching the stomach it becomes mixed with the 



