246 PARASITIC DISEASES 



scab and mange. Tobacco, lime and sulfur, and arsenical dips 

 are recommended in the treatment of sheep and cattle. Oint- 

 ments are recommended for animals that are slightly affected 

 with mange. Lime and sulfur dips are recommended by the 

 Bureau of Animal Industry. Small infected areas of the skin 

 may be treated by applying sulfur-iodide ointment. The fol- 

 lowing ointment is commonly recommended: potassium sulfide 

 ten parts, potassium carbonate two parts, and lard three hun- 

 dred parts. 



Sheep cannot be safely dipped for scab during the cold 

 weather. If thickened and scabby, the skin should be scrubbed 

 with the dip, or the animal prepared for dipping or washing by 

 first clipping the hair or wool and scrubbing the skin with water 

 and a good soap. In order to prevent reinfection, it is necessary 

 to remove the animal to new quarters, or thoroughly clean and 

 disinfect the old. It is necessay to wash or spray the fences, 

 floors, walls, brushes and curry-combs with a disinfecting solu- 

 tion. Manure and other litter should be removed to a place 

 where there is no danger from its distributing the infection. 



Diseases of Poultry Caused by Mites. — Mites or acarina 

 that cause diseases of poultry may live on the feathers, beneath 

 the skin, and within the body of the fowl. 



The small, red mite {Dermanyssus gallinw) remains on the 

 surface of the body only when feeding, and spends the rest of the 

 time under collections of filth and in cracks in the roosts and 

 walls of the house. This parasite causes the birds to become 

 restless, emaciated and droopy. 



A very small mite (Sarcoptes mutans) is the cause of scaly 

 leg. It lives under the skin. The joints of the feet appear 

 affected, and the foot and leg become enlarged, roughened and 

 scaly. 



Depluming scabies is caused by Sarcoptes Uvvis var. gallinw. 

 This mite causes the feathers to break off at the surface of the 

 skin. Masses of epidermic scales may form around the broken 



