326 INFECTIOUS DISEASES 



digestion. The affected bird becomes thin and weak. The 

 death rate is very high in this form of the disease. 



Chicken pox or contagious epithelioma is considered by 

 most authors a form of roup. It is characterized by nodules 

 on the skin along the base of the comb and in other parts of the 

 head. 



The preventive treatment consists in quarantining birds 

 that have been purchased from other flocks, and that have been 

 exhibited, for a period of three weeks. A careful examination 

 of the mouth should be made. If a catarrhal discharge from 

 the nostrils and false membranes is present, prompt treatment 

 should be used. A sick bird should be held in quarantine for 

 several weeks after it has recovered, and receive a thorough 

 washing in a two per cent water solution of a cresol disinfectant 

 before allowing it to mix with the healthy birds. 



The medicinal treatment consists in removing the discharges 

 from the nostrils and eyes with pledgets of absorbent cotton 

 that are soaked with a four per cent water solution of boric 

 acid. Among the common treatments mentioned are boric acid 

 and calomel, equal parts by weight, blown into the nostrils and 

 eyes with a powder blower. Water solutions of boric acid and 

 potassium permanganate, and hydrogen peroxide are recom- 

 mended. Liquid preparations are applied with pledgets of 

 cotton, oil cans, or atomizers. 



Many recoveries can be obtained with careful treatment. It 

 is usually most economical to kill the severely affected birds. 

 Many poultrymen dispose of the entire flock as soon as the dis- 

 ease makes its appearance, and clean and disinfect the premises 

 before restocking. 



Drs. Mack and Records report very satisfactory results in 

 more than 3,000 chickens that were vaccinated with vaccine 

 prepared in the laboratory from scabs and diphtheritic mem- 

 branes collected from the skin and mucous membranes. 



Entero-hepatitis. "Blackhead." — This is a very fatal dis- 

 ease of youny; turkeys. Grown turkevs and other fowls are not so 



