34 RESTRV OF JAPAN, 



abundantly in fertile soil of the lower land among the mountains 

 in the central as well as in the northern part of Honshu 

 while on the dry soil upon the summit of mountains they 

 are scarcely found. In the plains of Ishikari and Tokachi, 

 Hokkaido, beautiful forests of this species are seen mixed 

 with yachidamo (Fraxiuus mandshurica Rupr.\ Katsura 

 [Cercidiphyllumjaponicum S. et Z,), and Nire {Ulmus campestris 

 Sm. var. laevis Planch.). The wood being pliable and strong, 

 is free from the fear of being warped or crooked so that it is 

 most extensively used for passenger cars or the first class 

 material for decoration in general. It is peculiarly adapted for 

 the rifle stocks 



Hari-giri (Acanthopanax ricinifolium S. et Z.). This grows 

 in the humid soil in the mountanous districts of the northern 

 part of Honshu and in all parts of Hokkaido. In deep forests 

 or fertile grounds it grows to the huge size, the wood being 

 hard and lustrous shows bright grains and is white in colour so 

 that it is prized for the articles of decoration and implements. 



Kashiwa [Quercus dent at a TJmnb.). Together with Onara 

 {Quercus crispula Bl.\ this species grows in wet mountanous 

 places in the north-eastern districts of Honshu. It also thrives 

 in the plains of Hokkaido. It seldom forms pure forests by 

 itself but always grows mixed with other deciduous broad- 

 leaved trees with the exception of those in the plains of 

 Tokachi and Ishikari in Hokkaido where it forms extensive 

 pure forests At present, Quercus crispula AY. are mostly 

 used as railway sleepers and prized as fuel while the Quercus 

 dentata Thunb. that contains tannin in the bark is chiefly used 

 for tannery, the rest being used as fuel. 



