64 FORESTRY OF JAPAN. 



wood adopting the coppice-with-standard system or two-stored 



height forest system and thereby keep the forests in a good 



economical condition. 



In the Imperial forests the period of rotation of the 



principal species is as follows : 



Sugi (Cryptomefia jap.mica Dan.) 60 120 years. 



Iliba {Thujopsis dorabrata S. et Z.) So 160 ,, 



Kara-matsu (Larix leptolcpis Gord.) 50 100 



Keyaki (Zf I kowa acuminata J 3 /.) 1.00 years or more. 



Hinoki {Ckainaecyparis obtusa S. et Z.) So 160 years. 



Matsu (Finns species.) 50 100 ,, 



Kusu-no-ki (Cimuwiomum Camphor a Nee s ,J 100 years or more. 



The selection of working system in the State and the 

 Imperial forests differs according to the condition of the 

 forests. For instance, when the forest is in a steep mountain, 

 and danger is feared, unless precautions are taken by insuring 

 the preservation of the land, the system of selection felling is 

 adopted, but in the forests where no such apprehension exists 

 the clear cutting is admitted. In the case of forests grown in 

 the mixed state of those that may be used as building materi- 

 als and of others which are only fitted for fuel, the gradual 

 improvement of the species of the over-wood and increase of 

 the profit are effected by the coppice-with-standard system. 

 The coppice system is chiefly adopted in private forests, the 

 aim of which being the product of firewood and charcoal. In 

 the districts, where the demand can not be supplied from such 

 private forests, this working system is adopted in the State 

 forests. '1 he forests that are worked by this system are 

 mostly those of natural growth, there are, however, not a few 

 its in the neighbourhood of cities, consisting of Kunugi 

 (hn reus scrrata Thunb.), Konara [Qucrciis gland td '/era III.) 



