132 FORESTS, WOODS, AND TREES 
of years, being ready for felling at 50 to 60 years old, 
or even less. It is suitable for all parts of the country in 
selected sites. It suffers from the wind in exposed situations, 
and does not thrive in soils containing more than 2 per cent 
of lime or on wet soils. It grows well enough at high 
elevations, but only in shelter, succeeding in Wales in 
favoured spots up to 1250 feet elevation. On wet 
soils it is very liable to be thrown down by the wind. In 
the young stage it is lable to injury from frost, and is 
readily attacked by rabbits. These are its sole drawbacks. 
It is a splendid main-crop tree for sheltered situations 
either in the lowlands or high up in valleys in the hill 
pasture zone, where the soil is moderately deep and not too 
wet. It will grow fairly well on shallow soil, but then 
makes superficial roots and is liable to be blown down by 
the wind. It produces a fair amount of good seed in this 
country, and in many places, as in the New Forest, 
regenerates itself freely. At Dunster, Somerset, self-sown 
seedlings, up to 35 feet high, occur scattered about the 
estate. 
The yields from various plantations, published in the_ 
Journal of the Board of Agriculture, 1913-1914, may be 
summarised as follows, the volumes given being quarter- 
girth measurement over bark: 
Taymount plantation, Perthshire, 9°69 acres, 52 years 
planted; average height, 88 feet; volume, 6040 
cubie feet per acre; annual increment, 116 cubic 
feet per acre. (See Fig. 21.) 
Cochwillan plantation, Carnarvon, 0°42 acres, 58 years 
planted ; average height, 101 feet; volume, 12,040 
cubic feet per acre; annual increment, 208 cubic 
feet per acre. 
Llandinam plantation, Montgomery, 34 acres, 28 years 
planted; average height, 66 feet; volume, 5563 
cubic feet per acre; annual increment, 199 cubic 
feet per acre. 
Tortworth, Gloucester, 1:02 acres, 43 years planted; 
average height, 97 feet; volume, 7316 cubic feet 
