230 FORESTS, WOODS, AND TREES 
700 feet elevation, the whole of which is leased to the 
Town Council. It comprises 400 acres of arable land, 
with six farm-steadings, 300 acres of hill pasture and moor, 
and 100 acres of plantations. The water is passed through 
three separate layers of coke in the leats, and then in the 
Boscathnoe reservoirs it passes through a final filter into the 
service mains. Another part of the supply comes from an 
underground watershed of 1000 acres; and during the 
summer the supply is augmented by pumping from a deep 
well and adits. See Zrans. Inst. Water Engineers, 1x. 
(1904). 
VIII. WaALEs 
Thirty-four local authorities and five private companies 
obtain their water supply from gathering grounds aggregat- 
ing 147,909 acres, of which 42,273 acres are owned by 
eighteen Corporations.. The most important areas owned by 
local authorities are those of Liverpool, Birmingham, Birken- 
head, and Cardiff. Excellent schemes of afforestation are 
being carried out on the Vyrnwy area by the Liverpool 
Corporation, and on the Elan area by the Birmingham 
Corporation. Cardiff has only planted a few acres. A 
considerable amount of purchasable planting land exists on 
the Merthyr Tydfil area, but as this is not owned by the 
Corporation it is doubtful if any afforestation scheme will be 
considered. Large areas owned by Llandudno and Colwyn 
are too elevated to carry trees. In most of the gathering 
grounds in Wales, plantations on a small scale around 
reservoirs are possible. 
The new gathering ground of Abertillery (see p. 221)— 
2150 acres in Brecknockshire—is included in the total of 
147,909 acres for Wales. The Newport (Mon.) proposed, 
but not yet sanctioned, area of 5510 acres in Brecknock- 
shire is not included in this total. 
Holyhead Waterworks Company obtain their supply 
in part from Llyn Traffwll, a lake 6 miles distant, 
with a gathering ground of 952 acres, situated between 
