310 FORESTS, WOODS, AND TREES 
Reservoirs— | Springs, forest influence on, 7 
dead leaves in, 76, 217 
protection of, by tree belts, 76 
silting of, 76 
Return as to Water Undertakings in 
England and Wales, 104, 170 
Rigg, G. B., 19 
Rights of grazing, 103 
Roberts, C. H., 10 
Robinia Pseudacacia, 50, 65, 69, 169 
Rowley Regis School Plantation, 65 
Run-off water, 6 
Ruskin, 73 
Salix, various species, 167 
Sallow, 167 
Salt spray carried inland, 19 
Salt spray, injury to trees, 13, 19 
Sanatoria in forests, 20 
Sanatorium— 
Brompton Hospital, Frimley, 21, 22 
at Hairmyres, 27 
at Nordrach, 21 
Nordrach-on-Dee, 22 
Pinewood, Wokingham, 22 
Sand dunes, afforestation of, 19, 124, 
126 
Sanitary influence of forests, 13 
School forestry societies, 66 
School plantations, 62, 64 
Scirpus moor, 111 
Scots pine, 15, 98, 120, 123 
Seed, selection of, 122, 141 
Shale banks, planting of, 69 
Sheep and shelter belts, 15 
Sheep in larch woods, 117 
Sheep on water catchment areas, 74 
Shelter belts, 14, 24, 129, 139, 147, 
148, 156 
Shelter for dairy farms, 18 
Shelter of grazing iand, 18, 19, 117, 
118 
Shelter of sanatoria, 24 
Silver fir, 93, 128 
Slag heaps, 60, 69 
Smoke, effect on trees, 45, 57, 95 
Smoke of towns, 45, 178 
Snow, influence of forests on, 5 
Soil erosion, forest influence on, 1, 7 
Soil in towns, 45 
Soot and trees, 45, 54 
Sowing on pit mounds, 62 
Special adaptability, 82 
Sphagnum moor, 111 
Spruce— 
at high elevation, 31 
common, 15, 76, 93, 134 
Sitka, 94, 98, 136 
white, 115, 138 
Staking trees, 55 
Stevenson, R. L., 11 
Stomata of leaves and soot, 54 
Story, Prof. Fraser, 234, 239 
Stream-flow, forest influence on, 10 
Streets, planting of, 55 
trees for, 47 
Sulphur dioxide and trees, 45, 58 
Sycamore, 51, 63, 156 
Tarred roads and trees, 46, 58 
Temperature, influence of forests 
on, 3 
Thomson, Prof. James, 34 
Thuya gigantea, 19, 42, 93, 183, 
145 
Tilia, species of, 51 
Timber line, 115 
Town Planning Act, 38 
Towns, parks in, 33 
Towns, trees for, 48 
| Transpiration of oak forest, 3 
Tree limit, 113 
Trees— 
and altitude, 113 
and chemical works, 58 
choice of, 120 
damaged by shale industry, 69, 70 
damaged by soot and smoke, 45, 
57, 95 
for water catchment areas, 119 
in towns, 44, 47 
injury by salt spray, 13 
leaves of, injured by wind, 19 
preservation of, 56 
wind effect on, 13 
Tsuga albertiana, 144 
Tuberculosis, sanatoria for, 21 
Tulip tree, 47 
Turpentine, effect on phagocytosis, 
26 
Typhoid cases and water supply, 77 
Ulex, 108 
Ulmus, species of, 52, 160 
Underplanting, 144, 146, 157 
Unemployed, planting by the, 87, 
100, 195 
