GROWING FROM CUTTINGS. 33 
covered tlien, or so soon as the ground begins to freeze, and 
remain undisturbed until spring. If glazed frames can 
be put over them, and kept partially shaded until covered 
for winter, it will facilitate the production of roots. They 
should be kept shaded until well rooted; for if the sun is 
allowed to come fully upon them, it will excite the leaves 
into growth; and if no roots have been previously formed, 
no permanent growth can take place, and the cuttings die. 
Our object is to obtain roots first, afterward growth of top. 
It is well known that roots will form at a much lower 
temperature than leaves; and we take advantage of this 
fact by placing the cuttings in the frames, where they will 
remain so cool that there will be no growth of leaves, 
while the lower portion, which is underground, is in a posi- 
tion warm enough for the production of roots. 
Most of the evergreens emit roots very slowly from ripe 
wood cuttings. But if the frames are comparatively warm 
during winter (as they may be easily made by being well 
banked and covered), small roots will be produced by the 
time warm weather approaches in spring. The cuttings 
should remain in the frames during the first summer, and 
be treated as though they were seedlings, being protected 
in winter. Cuttings of the young growing wood in sum- 
mer can also be very readily grown in a hot-bed, but this 
requires more care than with ripe wood, and very few 
would succeed if they attempted it, except those who fully 
understand the management of hot-beds. 
As I propose to give only the most simple and easiest 
modes of multiplying our forest trees, I will omss further 
particulars upon propagating them, by cuttings. 
Q* 
