86 THE FOREST TREE CULTURIST. 
CasTANEA PuMILA ( Chinquapin).—This is a small-grow- 
ing species of the Chestnut found chiefly at the South, but 
occasionally as far north as Pennsylvania. It seldom 
grows more than twenty or thirty feet in height ; nut quite 
small, sweet, solitary, and not in threes, as in the other 
species. When worked on the stronger-growing kind, it 
grows more rapidly than on its own roots. 
Our common American Chestnut, C. vesca, was at one 
time supposed to be a distinct species, but Mr. Gray now 
classes the European and American, with the exception of 
C. pumila, as one species. There are a number of foreign 
varieties to which particular names have been applied, 
such as Golden of Syria, Marie de Lyon, Chataigne Exalade, 
Downton, Prolific, and some twenty others; but the real 
distinction between these varieties are more in name than 
in the fruit. Scarcely any two trees of our native Chest- 
nut produces nuts alike, and any number of varieties could 
be selected if it were desirable to multiply names. There 
will probably be new and valuable varieties produced that 
will deserve distinct names. All of the European varieties 
produce larger nuts than our native ones, but none of them 
are as good. The nuts of the foreign as well as native 
kinds can be procured of almost any seedsman. Plant in 
fall, and treat same as the Horse Chestnut. 
Carya. (LHickory.) 
The Hickory is another well-known tree possessing 
many valuable qualities. Its wood has no equal for 
fuel, and it is employed in almost every branch of 
mechanics where tough timber is required. A volume 
