96 THE FOREST TREE CULTURIST. 
and the others are in pairs, situated on opposite sides of 
the petiole or leaf-stalk. The leaflets shown in fig. 32 are 
all of the same size and shape; but in other forms of pin- 
nated leaves the leaflets are variable, both in size and form. 
Fraxinus Americana ( White Ash).—Leaflets seven to 
nine, ovate or oblong pointed; young branches smooth; 
seeds produced in long, slender panicles, winged, or what 
is called key fruits; bark on old trees rough, deeply furrow- 
ed; tree of large size; wood very white, except the heart- 
wood in old trees ; seeds ripen in autumn; should be sown 
soon after being gathered. It requires a moist, deep soil, 
in which it will grow very rapidly. It is a noble tree, and 
one of the most valuable; is also very ornamental, forming 
a large round head when grown as a single specimen. 
This species deserves the special attention of those who are 
growing. trees for their timber; common in most of the 
Eastern States, but rather scarce at the West. 
FRAxiInuS PUBESCENS (Red -dsh).—Leaflets seven to 
nine, oblong lanceolate, somewhat pubescent on the under 
side; not as large a tree as the preceding, and the timber 
inferior ; native of the same localities. 
FRAXxINUS VERDIS (Green Ash).—Leaflets five to nine, 
oblong lanceolate ; upper ones serrate, deep green; tree of 
medium size; wood valuable; common in low grounds 
near streams throughout the Northern States. 
Fraxinus sampuciroria (Black Ash, Water Ash.)— 
Leaflets seven to eleven, oblong lanceolate-pointed ; seeds 
winged all around; tree a tall and slender grower, coarse- 
grained; and as it readily separates into thin layers it is 
much used for making baskets; common in low grounds in 
