EVERGREEN TREES. 163 
J. Suecia (Swedish Juniper) and J. Hibernica (Irish Juni- 
per). They are both very handsome, long, slender, coni- 
cal-growing small trees, which give a very pleasant effect 
when interspersed in a group of larger-growing kinds. 
The Junipers may all be grown from seeds, or from cut- 
tings made in September or October and put in frames ; 
but these should be covered with glass, so that the air can 
be kept confined and more heat retained than in the open 
frames. The frames should be partially shaded until the 
cuttings are rooted; also covered so that the ground will 
not be frozen in winter. Seeds are the safest method for 
those who have had no experience in propagating under 
glass. The nurserymen propagate the Junipers from green- 
growing wood taken off in the early part of summer; these 
are placed in hot-beds or in a propagating-honse. 
Pinus. (Pine.) 
The Pines are among the most useful or ornamental trees 
that we possess, as it is from these that we derive our best 
lumber for building, such as siding, flooring, and general 
finishing of inside as well as outside work. Probably 
nine tenths of all the dwelling-houses in the country out- 
side of our large cities are covered with pine shingles. Be- 
sides furnishing such vast quantities of lumber, the Pines 
of our Southern States furnish immense quantities of fuel, 
pitch, tar, resin, and turpentine; and so great is the pro- 
duction of these last-named articles, that we have exported 
in a single year more than a million dollars’ worth, besides 
the vast quantities used at home. 
The Pines are more or less difficult to transplant, as they 
