88 HENRY SOTHERAN & CO., 140, STRAND, W.C, AND 37, PICCADILLY, W. 



1740 HALES (Stephen, Vicai^ of Teddington, f.r.s.) Philosophical Experiments: shewing how 

 Sea- Water may be made fresh and wholsome : and how Fresh- Water may be preserv'd Sweet ; 

 how Biscuit, Corn, etc. may be preserved from the Weevel, Meggots, etc., and Flesh preserv'd in 

 hot Climates by Salting Animals whole, with Experiments and Observations on Chalybeate or 

 Steel Waters, and a Proposal for cleansing away Mud, etc., out of Rivers, Harbours, and Reservoirs, 

 first edition, with copperplate, 8vo. sewn {verij large and clean copy) ; rare, 17* (3d 1739 



1741 Another and fine Copy, in contemporary calf, with Woburn Abbey booklabel, and arms 



of the Duke of Bedford in gold on sides, £\. \s 



The author claims to have first discovered 'not only to free distilled Sea-Water, from its nauseous Oily Bitumen, 

 which made it most disagreeable to drink ; but also from another hurtful Quality, viz. the Spirit of Bittern Salt '. Tlie 

 plate illustrates his apparatus. 



1742 Another Copy, first edition, with copperplate ; with Account of Experiments and 



Observations on Tar- Water, 2nd Ed., with Letter from Mr. Reid, concerning the Nature of 

 Tar, and a Method of obtaining its Medical Virtues, free from its hurtful Oil, '49 : Account of a 

 Useful Discovery to Distill double the usual Quantity of Sea-Water, by blowing Showers of 

 Air up through the Distilling Liquor, with the great Benefit of Ventilators in Slave Ships, 

 etc. etc., and the good Effect of blowing Showers of Air up through Milk, 2nd Ed., with Appendix 

 of further Improvements, '56—3 vols. 8vo. in 1, old calf gilt (rare), £I. 155 1739-56 



' Hales's best known invention was that of artificial ventilators. The method of injecting air with bellows he applied 

 to the ventilation of prisons, ships, granaries, etc. . . . The diminution in the annual mortality at the Savoy prison after 

 Hales's ventilator had been put up seems to have been very great.'— Sir Francis Darwin, F.R.S. 



1743 Account of some Observations and Experiments on Tar-Water : wherein is shown 



the Quantity of Tar that is therein ; also a Method to abate that Quantity considerably, and to 

 ascertain the Strength of the Tar- Water, first edition, 8vo. setvn {large clean copy), Qs 6d 1745 



1744 ; — Statical Essays : containing I. Vegetable Staticks ; or Statical Experiments on the 



Sap in Vegetables .... also, a Specimen of an Attempt to Analyse the Air, by a great Variety 

 of Chymio-Statical Experiments, 2nd Ed., with Amendments, with 19 copperplates by S. Gribelin. 

 IL Haemastaticks ; or Hydraulick and Hydrostatical Experiments made on the Blood and 

 Blood- Vessels of Animals ; also some Experiments on Stones in the Kidney and Bladder, and 

 Observations and Experiments relating to several Subjects in the first Volume, with Index to 

 both, first edition, 2 vols. 8vo. nice copy in contemporary calf gilt, with Lord Suffield's bookplate, 

 and arms on back (rare), £2. 5s 1731-3 



First Edition of the collected work. 



1745 Another Copy (3rd Ed. of V. I, and 2nd Ed. of V. II), with 19 copperplates, 2 vols. 



8vo. old calf , newly rebacked, £1. 10s 1738-40 



1746 Another Copy, old calf {sound copy), £1. 7* 60? 



The above, the author's most important work, may be said to have laid the foundation of vegetable ijhysiology. ' Much 

 of his work was devoted to the study of the loss of water which plants suffer by evaporation, and to the means by which 

 the root? make good this loss. In these subjects many of his experiments remain of fundamental importance. . . . 

 Mnding that gas could be obtained from plants by dry distillation, he was led to believe that gas might be condensed or 

 in some way changed into the substances found in plants. In thus recognising that the air may be a source of food to 

 plants, he was a forerunner of Ingenhousz (q.v. post) and de Saussure, ... In first opening the way to a correct appre- 

 ciation of blood pressure, Hales's work may rank second in importance to Harvey's in founding the modern science of 

 physiology.'— St r Francis Darwin, F.R.S. 



' He not only exactly measured the amount of blood pressure under varying circumstances, the capacity of the heart, 

 the diameter of the blood-vessels and the like, but also by an ingenious method measured the rate of now of blood in the 

 capillaries in the abdominal muscles and lungs of a frog.' — Sir M. Foster. 



A passage in the first volume shows him to have known in one of its aspects the important phenomenon called Osmosis 

 — completely recognised and explained only in 1877 by Wilhelm Pfeiff'er. 



1747 Treatise on Ventilators [forming Vol. II of No. 1739], giving the Happy Effects 



of the several Trials made of them, and further Hints and Improvements, with '6 folding plates, 

 8vo. old calf {joint cracked), ivith Lord Boston's armorial bookplate {rare), £1. Is 1758 



1748 HALL (Joseph) The Iron Question, with special reference to ' The Bessemer Process,' 2 

 folding plates, large 8vo. cL, with author's inscr., 'Js Qd 1857 



An outspoken condemnation by a Tipton ironmast<ir of the Bessemer process before it had been worked commercially. 

 The author states that by one process he can ' produce bar iron by the pig ' boiling * principle, which as to tenacity ani 

 ductility, forbids and defies improvement.' 



1749 HALL (Thomas Grainger, pr., Magd. Coll., Cantab.) Elementary Treatise on the Dif- 

 ferential and Integral Calculus, diagrams, large 8vo. cl., 3* Cambridge, 1834 



1750 Fourth Edition, including the Calculus of Variations, diagrams, 8vo. cl., 4^ I8t() 



V. Differential and Integral Calculus, ante. 



1751 HALLAUER (Octave) Moteurs k Vapeur : Memoires ; with folding maps, 3 parts impl. 8vo. 

 sewn, 35 1878-81 



HALLEY (Edmund, f.r.s., Astronomer Royal) Astronomic Cometicjj: Synopsis— v. Nos. 

 1653-4, ante. 



1752 Miscellanea Curiosa : a Collection of some of the Principal Phaenomena in Nature," 



accounted for by the Greatest Philosophers of this A^e, with Discourses read before the Koyal 

 Society, plates and folding map, post 8vo. old calf gilt {joints cracked) ; RARE, £1. Is 1705 



Containing the following 'discourses' by Halley : Estimate of the Quantity of Vapours raised out of the Sea ; True 

 Theory of the Tides ; Theory of the Variation of the Magnetic Needle, and the Cause of the Change ; Historical Account of 

 the Trade Winds and Monsoons ; The Rule of the Decrease of the Heighth of the Mercury in the Barometer ; the Measure 

 of Gold upon Gilt Wire ; Account of Dr. R. Hook's Invention of the Marine Barometer ; Proportional Heat of the Sun in 

 all Latitudes ; Degrees of the Mortality of Mankind ; Discourse concerning Gravity ; the Excellency of the Modern 

 Algebra, etc. 



1753 Tabulae Astronomicc, accedunt de Usu Tabularum Praecepta ; with fine engraved por- 

 trait, 4to. old calf, I2s Qd Londini, 1749 



