442 MICRO-ORGANISMS IN WATER 



BACILLUS EUBEE ( ' Bacille rouge de Kiel ' ) 



LIQUEFIES GELATINE | 



Authority. Breunig, Bakterioloyische UntersucJtimg dcs Trinkwassers dcr 

 Stadt Kiel, 1888 ; also Laurent, ' Etude sur la Variabilite du Bacille rouge de 

 Kiel,' Annalcs de Vlnatitut Pasteur, vol. iv., 1890, p. 405. 



Where Found. In the water supply of Kiel. 



Microscopic Appearance. In a recent potato culture the bacillus varies in 

 length from 2*5 to 5 /* and in breadth from 0-7 to 0-8 /*. In milk and broth the 

 dimensions are similar, but in old potato cultures it may reach 8 and 10 p. in 

 length. After being cultivated for four or five hours on potatoes at 35 C., the 

 bacilli are slightly motile, the movement depending upon the presence of 

 oxygen in the culture material, ceasing in its absence. (Laurent.) 



Cultures. 



GELATIN i-; PLATES. The colonies in the depth are pale yellow, oval, and 

 with a regular or sinuous periphery. Seen with the naked eye they are white. 

 The surface colonies are blood-red in colour and form extensive expansions 

 with a sinuous periphery; they are surrounded by a clear zone, and after the 

 fifth day the gelatine is slowly liquefied. The colonies do not become red, only 

 those which are nearest the surface become slightly rose-coloured after six or 

 seven days. (Laurent.) 



GELATINE TUI;ES. - The gelatine is liquefied and becomes of a bright red 

 colour. In the depth of the tube bubbles of gas are often produced. 



POTATOES. At 30 to 35 C. it grows rapidly, and in twenty-four hours the 

 whole surface is covered with a purplish red growth. 



BROTH. In neutral veal broth it renders the liquid very turbid in twenty- 

 four hours, colouring it pale pink. 



MILK. At 35 C. the milk is coagulated in twenty-four hours, but no trace 

 of colour is visible. At ordinary temperatures the coagulation takes place 

 much more slowly, and the surface of the liquid becomes blood-red in colour, 

 which gradually extends to the lower strata of the liquid. 



Remarks. It will hardly grow at all below 10 C., and will not develop at 42 C. 

 The most favourable temperature is Between :!0 and o5 C. In acid media it grows 

 extremely slowly, and no trace of colour is produced. It is very sensitive to inso- 

 lation, and is destroyed when exposed to the direct solar rays for live hours. (Laurent.) 

 See p. i55 



BACILLUS CUTICULAEIS ALBUS 



Authority. Tataroff, Die Dorpatcr Wasserbaktericn, Dorpat, 1891, p. 24. 



Where Found. In Dorpat water, occurring occasionally. 



Microscopic Appearance.- Somewhat thick double bacillus, with a constric- 

 tion in the middle and rounded ends. About 3*2 p. long. Forms variously bent 

 threads when grown on agar-agar. Most of the threads contain spores. It is 

 very motile, but the agar forms exhibit only lively oscillatory movements. 



Cultures. 



GELATINE PLATES. The surface colonies are irregular in shape and exhibit 

 a blue white opalescence. Under a low power they are seen to be brownish in 

 colour, with an irregular edge and granular contents. In the depth they are 

 oval or circular, with a smooth rim. No liquefaction takes place. 



GELATINE TUBES. Produces an irregular white rosette-shaped shining ex- 

 pansion which in five days covers the surface of the gelatine. In the depth a 

 shining white growth appears, which soon becomes granulated and shining. 

 Later it grows out into the surrounding gelatine in the shape of large rounded 

 lappets which reach to the walls of the tube. 



A<:Ai;-A(iAii, GLYCKRINE-AOAU AND BLOOD SEKUM. Forms a luxuriant and 

 shining white expansion and a white deposit. 



BROTH. Benders it turbid, producing a white deposit, and flocculent par- 

 ticles float in the liquid. On the surface a whitish pellicle is formed. 



POTATOES. Grows as a brownish-coloured, thick, moist, shining, irregularly - 

 raised expansion, which later becomes red brown and yellow brown in colour. 

 It will not grow at a higher temperature on this medium. 



