EXTRACTS AND ABSTRACTS FROM FOREIGN JOURNALS. 185 



flattened swellings upon the anterior surfaces of the upper portions of 

 the right and left lungs, and which were like carcinoma of these organs 

 in man. In the substance of the central portion of the left lung was a 

 hard circumscribed tumour, about the size of a bean ; the portions of the 

 lung surrounding were normal in character. This tumour presented 

 on a dissection the characters of a carcinomatous tubercle. Under the 

 microscope the numerous red points in it were seen to be convoluted 

 capillary vessels. The substance of the tumour itself consisted of strong 

 fibres of the thickness of the primitive muscular fibres, having between 

 them closely placed cells of y^tti"' in diameter. In the fluid got from 

 the tumour by pressure, were found small cells about the size of the 

 blood-globules, besides some still smaller cells of oil-globules. These 

 identical microscopic elements were found in the medullary sarcoma of 

 the humerus. 



Erdl on the Kidnies of Helix Algira. Between the delicate vessels 

 of the vascular net- work met with in the urinary glands of Helix Algira, 

 are spaces containing round or elongated cells, apparently seated on 

 these minute vessels ; these cells sometimes contain a nucleus, at other 

 times are empty. This nucleus increases in size, finally becoming as 

 large as the mother cell, and then becomes freed from the net- work of 

 vessels, remaining free in the kidney ; at length it passes off by the 

 excretoiy duct of the organ. 



Simon on the Structure of Warts. The common warts met with on the 

 integuments of the hand, consist of papillose elongations of the corium, 

 which appear as delicate, closely-packed fibres, covered by the upper 

 skin. Warts with peduncles contain soft cellular tissue, and often 

 fat. Both kinds are to be met with in the domesticated mammalia. 



Valentin on Hair. Near the unhurt points of hair which has not 

 been cut, as for example, in the hair of the mons veneris, the forms 

 under which the transverse lines are seen, indicate that here delicate 

 epidermoid scales are placed upon each other like tiles. By the use of 

 sulphuric acid, however, which is a very good re-agent for this investi- 

 gation, the matter becomes plainer. The very thin scaly pieces which 

 appear to be placed in a double and opposed direction around the longi- 

 tudinal axis of the hair, separate from each other, very often in a regu- 

 lar manner, so that the surface of the hair appears as if symetrically 

 tessalated by their fibres. Since these little scales near their free mar- 

 gins exhibit some portion of their surface, they appear like fibres, whose 

 separated edge or place where the connection is broken evinces their 

 true nature, viz. elongated scales void of nucleus. By this structure 

 hair approaches only the formation of horn, since in horn got from the 

 ox, large scales will separate from it with the use of any re-agent. 

 After making use of the sulphuric acid, the apparently fibrous horny 

 substance is seen to consist of scales. These scales, as well as horn 

 and epidermis, have no visible nuclei. I should be therefore inclined 

 to reduce all the apparently fibrous substance to such scales. In dif- 



