THE STUDY OF THE SHOOT 45 



dry, the leaves can be mounted on sheets of card board, or on special 

 papers such as the following : 



.6 in 



4 in 



Shape. 

 Margin. 

 Apex. 

 Venation. 

 Name of plant. 



EXPT. 30. Try and cut out in paper the different forms of any leaves 

 which may be obtained. This can be done by laying the leaf on a sheet 

 of white paper and tracing on the paper with a fine pointed pencil the 

 outline of the leaf. Cut along the lines so made with a sharp pair of 

 scissors. The name of the leaf and its shape can be marked on the 

 model. The pupil will soon discover how difficult it is to describe the 

 leaf with accuracy, and will also apprehend the greater truth that there 

 are probably not two leaves alike. 



EXPT. 31. Examine every leaf, spine, and tendril you can obtain. 



Stipules. These, as we have already seen, are outgrowths 

 at the base of the leaf. The texture and colour of stipules vary ; 

 thus, if their function is to protect the young leaves in the bud, 

 they may be brown or yellow in colour ; if they are used for 

 assimilation, that is, to provide nourishment for the plant, they 

 are green in colour, and large and leaf-like in form. 



There may be two stipules, one on each side of the leaf, as in 

 the Pea and Pansy. In some of the Bed-straws the stipules are 

 large and are often mistaken for leaves ; in fact, they appear to form 

 whorls with the leaves. The stipules are membranous in the 

 Rose leaf, where they are represented by a series of teeth along 

 each side of the base, and are called adnate stipules. Where 



