BOTANY FOR BEGINNERS 



CHAP. 



generally voided from the upper branches of trees and carry the 

 seeds with them. The droppings and the seeds which are 

 enclosed in them cling to the branches. The seeds germinate 

 and the radicle which is produced is pressed closed to the bark 

 and cemented there (Fig. 73). 



The Eye-bright, so common in fields, produces suckers on its 

 root which attach themselves to the roots of grasses and extract 

 nourishment from them. The Yellow-rattle, Lousewort, COW- 



FIG. 74. Conical root of Carrot. 



FIG. 75. Napiform root of Turnip. 



wheat, Toothwort, and Broom-Rape, are all parasites growing on 

 the roots of plants. 



EXPT. 42. Pull up a few plants of Eye-bright and examine their 

 roots. Find the suckers, which appear as little white knobs on the 

 roots ; they are always found on the secondary roots. 



Modified Boots. Roots may be modified for the storing up 

 of reserve materials, often becoming large and fleshy, as in the 



