ANATOMY STUDY OF ROOTS 



57 



case of the Turnip. Roots of this description belong to 

 biennial plants. The principal shapes of modified roots are as 

 follows : 



i. Conical^ when broad near the stem and tapering towards 

 the tip, as in the Carrot (Fig. 74). 



2. Napiform, when shaped like a Turnip. The Swede 

 usually has, at the crown of the root, a neck from which the leaves 

 spring. This is absent in the Turnip (Fig. 75). 



3. Fusiform, when the root tapers both near the stem and 

 towards the apex, e.g., Radish (Fig. 76). 



FIG. 76. Fusiform 

 root of Radish. 



FIG. 77. Nodular or tubercular root of 

 Pilewort. 





4. Tubercular, when the rootlets are swollen and round, as in 

 the Pilewort (Fig. 77). 



EXPT. 43. Obtain the roots of the Turnip, Carrot, and Radish. 

 Make sketches illustrating their shape, and mark on them the reduction 

 in size which you make. This can be done by measuring the size of 

 the root, and then the drawing . If these be compared, the reduction 

 can be found. The pupil should do this in all sketches made. 



EXPT. 44. Dig up, either in March or April, the roots of the Pile- 



