200 



BOTANV FOR BEGINNERS 



CHAP. 



Fruit. A pseudocarp concealing a number of achenes. 

 have no endosperm. 



Pollination. By insects. 



Seeds 



EXCEPTIONS TO THE ABOVE TYPE. 



The order Rosaceae is a very large one, and contains a number of 

 plants differing in some respects from the Dog Rose. 



Strawberry (Fragaria vesca) 



Calyx. Under the calyx, and alternating with the sepal, a whorl 01 

 sepal-like members is developed. This whorl forms an epicalyx, repre- 

 senting the stipules of the sepals joined together. 



Fruit. The fruit is formed by the enlargement of the receptacle, 

 which swells after pollination, becoming at first white, then red, sweet, 

 and juicy. 



Blackberry and Raspberry (Rtibus}- 



Fruit. The carpels enlarge after fertilisation, become succulent, and 

 form one-seeded druplets. The fruit is compound and inserted on a 

 receptacle bearing the persistent calyx. 



FIG. 251. Cherry (Prunus cerasus). i, Flowering branch ; 2, longitudinal section of 

 flower; 3, longitudinal section of fruit. (S.) 



Cherry, Plum and Apricot (Prunus) 



Pistil. The pistil is monocarpous ; after pollination the single carpel 

 swells up and a one-seeded fruit is produced. This is a drupe which is 

 a simple fruit. 



