152 



BUDS AND LEAVES 



blade in contact with the petiole is the base; the outer edge 

 of the blade is the margin; the end of the blade is the apex; 

 the part of the blade normally exposed to the sun is the upper 



FIG. 89. Stipules and Modified Stipules. 1, Red clover (Trifolium 

 pratense) ; 2, rose (Rosa Sp.) ; 3, willow (Salix cordatd) ; three forms of leafy 

 stipules; 4, smilax (Smilax rotundifolid) with tendril stipules; 5, black 

 locust (Robinia Pseudo-acacia) with thorn stipules. 



or ventral surface; the surface not normally exposed to the 

 light is the under or dorsal surface. The veins are usually 

 more prominent on the dorsal surface. 



