272 BOTANY. 



carpogonium, is a single cell, wide below, and tapering above 

 into a long slender canal, the trichogyne, which is open at 

 its apex (A, og, Fig. 183). The carpogonium is the terminal 

 cell of a branch, which in its development swells up, while 

 at the same time elongating into a tube. In the swollen basal 

 portion there is a considerable mass of protoplasm, which is 

 the essential part to be fertilized. 



The male organs, the antheridia, are formed as flask-shaped 

 protuberances which grow out of adjoining cells ; they be- 



Pig. 183. Coleochcete pulvinata. A, portion of fertile plant ; an, antheridia ; 017, 

 carpogonia each with a trichogyne ; z. z, ppermatozoids ; A, hairs, with sheatninz 

 bases. B, fertilized carpogoniiim surrounded by covering, r ("pericarp"), the whole 

 constituting the sporocarp. C, sporocarps burst open, snowing the interior tissue, 

 sch ; r. conical cover (" pericarp''). D, zoospores (swarm-spores) from C. X 350. 

 After Pringsheim. 



come cut off from the cells from which they grow, by trans- 

 verse partitions. In each antheridium a single oval bi- 

 ciliate spermatozoid is formed (A, z, z, Fig. 183). 



363. Fertilization is doubtless effected by these sperma- 

 tozoids coming in contact with the protoplasm of the carpo- 

 gonium, but the actual entrance of the former has not yet 

 been seen. After fertilization the protoplasmic mass in the 

 carpogonium increases considerably in size, and becomes 

 surrounded by a cellulose coat of its own. The cells which 



