309 



c 



in the foregoing. The bract is smaller, however, and the 

 scale attached to it soon becomes very large, thick, and 

 woody (Figs. 289, 290, and 291). The bract and scale in 

 this case have nearly the same relative proportions when 

 young as they have in the mature 

 cone of Abies pectinata. (Com- 

 pare Fig. 288 with Figs. 292-3.) 

 In other cases, as in Callitris 

 quadrivalvis, the axis is short, 

 and the phyllomes (d, Fig. 294) 

 which bear the ovules are only 

 four in number (Fig. 294, Ks, 



flip nvnlpe"\ Tn Trime ~hnc<>ntn Fi S- 294. Female flower of Calli- 



es;. i i axus oaccata trig ^ Mdriw i vis , d , dt decussating 

 the flower is still more simple. SJflsJSI le . a l e8 1 ?* six ovules - 



1 Magnified. After Sachs. 



It appears in the axil of a foliage 



leaf, and is a scaly axis, resembling a small cone (C, Fig. 

 284). The lower scales do not, however, bear ovules, and 

 at the top of the axis is a single naked ovule (D and E, Fig. 

 284). This simplicity is carried a step further in Ginkgo, 

 where the female flowers are merely naked axes, which bear 



no bracts or scales, 

 and produce but two. 

 ovules at their sum- 

 mits (Fig. 295, sk}.* 

 The female flower 

 of Ci/cas revoluta is 

 a rosette of phyl- 

 lomes, which bear 

 some resemblance to 

 foliage leaves, being, 

 however, smaller, 

 Fig. 295. A shoot of (Unkgo biioba. sk. ovules brownish, and hairy. 



in pairs at the end- of naked axes; above and on the Alrmo- tVie 1 r w P r 

 right are shown fragments of two leaves, which -txlOIlg tne O W e 

 are seen to be broad. Nat. size. -After Sachs. partg Q f tneif mar _ 



gins they produce a number of spherical naked ovules (sk, 



* The morphology of the flowers of Ginkgo, as here given, is by no 

 means satisfactory. Instead of the ovules being borne upon naked 

 axes, it is probable that they are in reality upon foliar organs i.e., 

 either modified leaves, somewhat as in Cyca*, or upon elongated homo- 



