ANG 10 SPERMS. 419 



pistils, and collectively the Gyncecium) normally develop 

 upon the uppermost portion of the flower-axis, and within 

 the whorl of stamens. They consist of one or more infolded, 

 ovuliferous phyllomes (carpophylla) whose margins are 

 united so as to form separate, or more or less united . cavi- 

 ties (ovaries). The apical portions of the carpophylla are 

 usually extended, terminating in a mass of loose parenchy- 

 matous tissue, the stigma. The ovules arise as outgrowths 

 (trichomes, in the broader sense of the term) upon some 

 portion of the interior surface of the ovary ; they most fre- 

 quently develop upon the margins of the carpophylla, 

 although they are by no means confined to them. In some 

 cases there is but a single ovule in 

 each ovary, in others they range 

 from a few to several hundred. In 1L,,,,,,1 Je "~~ f 

 many cases, especially when the 

 ovules are numerous, the ovulifer- 

 ous portion of the ovary is devel- ^ -B 

 oped into a thickened mass of tis- FI?. 305. Very young ovules of 



, , 7 , i i Exchxcholtzla Califmnica, showing 



SUBS, the placenta, Which projects successive stages of development. 



more or less into the ovary cavity. 

 530. Each ovule is at first a 



homogeneous maSS of parenchyma- aecundine) is just beginning to d 



. x velop as annsr, sa ; in 5, there ar. 



tous tissue, Constituting the body two rings, the upper beinsr the ru- 



, , .r ,, , * dimentary secundine, the lower 



(Or SO-Called nucleus) OI the OVUle ; the prim'ine. X 140. After Du- 



a little later a circular ridge arises c 



upon the ovule body ; this grows upward, and forms an in- 

 tegument ; a second integument generally forms in exactly 

 the same way outside of the first (Fig. 305, A and B). From 

 their posikon whA fully formed, these coats have received 

 the name^primine anfysecfdine, the former being applied 

 to the outer, the latter^) the inner.* The coats never com- 

 pletely enclose the bocry of the ovule, there always remaining 

 a small opening (the m^ropyle) over its apex (m, Fig. 306, 



* These terms were so applied by Mirbel, who was not acquainted 

 with the order (^development of the coats. Schleiden applied them 

 in exactly the o^x>site way, which has led to some confusion. Mir- 

 bel's use of the terms,*although not as good as Schleiden's, is the pre- 

 vailing one. 



