538 



BOTANY. 



V. vulpina, the Southern Fox Grape, which has given rise to the 

 Scuppernong and other varieties.* 



From these American grapes excellent wines are now made ; but no 

 raisins have yet been made from them. 



The Virginia Creeper, Ampelopsis quinquefolia (or Vitis quinquqfolia), 



FIGS. 494-501. ILLUSTRATIONS OF VITIS VINIFERA. 



FIG. 497. 



FIG. 498. 



FIG. 



FIG. 500. 



FIG. 501. 



Fig. 494. Flower bud. Magnified. 



Fig. 495. Section of flower-bud. Magnified. 



Fig. 496. Flower without corolla. Magnified. 



Fig. 497. Flower diagram. Fig. 498. Fruit. 



Fig. 499. Seed. Magnified. Fig. 500. Cross-section of seed. Magnified. 



Fig. 501. Vertical section of seed. Magnified. 



is one of our finest native ornamental climbers. 



Javan and Sumatran species of Vitis, formerly referred to Cissus, are 

 common in conservatories. 



Order Rhamnaceae. Trees and shrubs, often spinescent, bearing 

 simple, usually alternate leaves ; flowers with valvate calyx lobes. 

 Species 430. Inhabitants for the most part of warm and temperate 

 regions. Many possess a purgative principle. 



* This distribution of the cultivated varieties is that made by Dr 

 George Engelman. American Naturalist, 1872, p. 539. 



